Longuet-Higgins theorem in molecular symmetry
E88919
The Longuet-Higgins theorem in molecular symmetry is a fundamental result in theoretical chemistry that relates molecular symmetry properties to electronic state degeneracies and the occurrence of phenomena such as the Jahn–Teller effect.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Longuet-Higgins theorem in molecular symmetry canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T747529 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Longuet-Higgins theorem in molecular symmetry Context triple: [Christopher Longuet-Higgins, notableWork, Longuet-Higgins theorem in molecular symmetry]
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A.
Herzberg–Teller approximation
The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
-
B.
The Nature of the Chemical Bond
The Nature of the Chemical Bond is a landmark chemistry book by Linus Pauling that systematically explains chemical bonding using quantum mechanics and became one of the most influential scientific texts of the 20th century.
-
C.
Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory
Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory is a formulation of quantum mechanical perturbation theory that uses an energy-dependent effective Hamiltonian to obtain improved approximations to eigenvalues and eigenstates.
-
D.
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory is a fundamental method in quantum mechanics for approximating the energies and states of a system by treating interactions as small corrections to an exactly solvable problem.
-
E.
Born–Oppenheimer approximation
The Born–Oppenheimer approximation is a fundamental method in molecular quantum mechanics that simplifies calculations by treating nuclear motion as much slower than electronic motion, allowing their behaviors to be separated.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Longuet-Higgins theorem in molecular symmetry Target entity description: The Longuet-Higgins theorem in molecular symmetry is a fundamental result in theoretical chemistry that relates molecular symmetry properties to electronic state degeneracies and the occurrence of phenomena such as the Jahn–Teller effect.
-
A.
Herzberg–Teller approximation
The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
-
B.
The Nature of the Chemical Bond
The Nature of the Chemical Bond is a landmark chemistry book by Linus Pauling that systematically explains chemical bonding using quantum mechanics and became one of the most influential scientific texts of the 20th century.
-
C.
Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory
Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory is a formulation of quantum mechanical perturbation theory that uses an energy-dependent effective Hamiltonian to obtain improved approximations to eigenvalues and eigenstates.
-
D.
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory is a fundamental method in quantum mechanics for approximating the energies and states of a system by treating interactions as small corrections to an exactly solvable problem.
-
E.
Born–Oppenheimer approximation
The Born–Oppenheimer approximation is a fundamental method in molecular quantum mechanics that simplifies calculations by treating nuclear motion as much slower than electronic motion, allowing their behaviors to be separated.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (42)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
result in theoretical chemistry
ⓘ
theorem ⓘ |
| addresses |
conditions under which electronic degeneracy leads to instability
ⓘ
symmetry constraints on electronic energy levels ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
molecular electronic states
ⓘ
nonlinear molecules ⓘ |
| assumes | molecular Hamiltonian invariant under point group operations ⓘ |
| characterizes | symmetry properties of degenerate electronic states ⓘ |
| concerns |
symmetry of electronic wavefunctions
ⓘ
symmetry of nuclear configurations ⓘ |
| describes | relationship between molecular symmetry and electronic state degeneracy ⓘ |
| domain |
chemical physics
ⓘ
quantum chemistry ⓘ |
| explains |
conditions for occurrence of Jahn–Teller effect
ⓘ
origin of Jahn–Teller distortions in terms of symmetry ⓘ |
| field |
group theory in chemistry
ⓘ
molecular quantum mechanics ⓘ molecular symmetry ⓘ theoretical chemistry ⓘ |
| historicalContext | developed in the 20th century ⓘ |
| implies |
degenerate electronic states are associated with non-totally symmetric irreducible representations
ⓘ
degenerate electronic states in nonlinear molecules are unstable with respect to symmetry-lowering distortions ⓘ |
| influenced |
applications of group theory in chemistry
ⓘ
development of modern Jahn–Teller theory ⓘ |
| involves |
Born–Oppenheimer approximation
ⓘ
electronic Hamiltonian symmetry ⓘ nuclear configuration space ⓘ |
| isPartOf |
molecular symmetry theory
ⓘ
theory of Jahn–Teller effect ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Hugh Christopher Longuet-Higgins
ⓘ
linked to:
Christopher Longuet-Higgins
|
| relatedTo |
Wigner’s theorem on degeneracies
ⓘ
linked to:
Wigner’s theorem on symmetry transformations
group-theoretical treatment of molecular vibrations ⓘ |
| relatesTo |
Jahn–Teller effect
ⓘ
electronic state degeneracies ⓘ symmetry-induced degeneracy ⓘ vibronic coupling ⓘ |
| usedFor |
analyzing symmetry breaking in molecules
ⓘ
classifying electronic states by symmetry ⓘ predicting possible degeneracies of electronic states ⓘ |
| usesConcept |
degenerate irreducible representations
ⓘ
irreducible representations ⓘ point group symmetry ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
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Instruction
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Input
Subject: Longuet-Higgins theorem in molecular symmetry Description of subject: The Longuet-Higgins theorem in molecular symmetry is a fundamental result in theoretical chemistry that relates molecular symmetry properties to electronic state degeneracies and the occurrence of phenomena such as the Jahn–Teller effect.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.