Miracle of the XII Fulminata
E853096
The Miracle of the XII Fulminata is a legendary event in which a sudden, divinely sent rainstorm reportedly saved a Roman legion from thirst and defeat during a battle, often associated with early Christian miracle traditions.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Miracle of the XII Fulminata canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10268988 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Miracle of the XII Fulminata Context triple: [Miracle of the Rain, hasAlternativeName, Miracle of the XII Fulminata]
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A.
Milagro
Milagro is a city in Ecuador known as an important agricultural and commercial center, particularly for sugarcane and rice production.
-
B.
Our Lady of the Snows
Our Lady of the Snows is a Marian title associated with the Virgin Mary, traditionally linked to a miraculous midsummer snowfall in Rome that led to the founding of the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore.
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C.
Litany of Loreto
The Litany of Loreto is a traditional Catholic Marian litany, dating back to at least the 16th century, that invokes the Virgin Mary under numerous titles in a series of supplicatory prayers.
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D.
Il Fontanone
Il Fontanone is a monumental Baroque fountain in Rome, Italy, celebrated for its grand façade and as a prominent symbol of the city’s historic aqueduct system.
-
E.
De Ira Dei
De Ira Dei is a Christian theological treatise by Lactantius that defends and explains the concept of God's wrath against human sin and injustice.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Miracle of the XII Fulminata Target entity description: The Miracle of the XII Fulminata is a legendary event in which a sudden, divinely sent rainstorm reportedly saved a Roman legion from thirst and defeat during a battle, often associated with early Christian miracle traditions.
-
A.
Milagro
Milagro is a city in Ecuador known as an important agricultural and commercial center, particularly for sugarcane and rice production.
-
B.
Our Lady of the Snows
Our Lady of the Snows is a Marian title associated with the Virgin Mary, traditionally linked to a miraculous midsummer snowfall in Rome that led to the founding of the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore.
-
C.
Litany of Loreto
The Litany of Loreto is a traditional Catholic Marian litany, dating back to at least the 16th century, that invokes the Virgin Mary under numerous titles in a series of supplicatory prayers.
-
D.
Il Fontanone
Il Fontanone is a monumental Baroque fountain in Rome, Italy, celebrated for its grand façade and as a prominent symbol of the city’s historic aqueduct system.
-
E.
De Ira Dei
De Ira Dei is a Christian theological treatise by Lactantius that defends and explains the concept of God's wrath against human sin and injustice.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
legendary event
ⓘ
military miracle tradition ⓘ |
| approximateDate | 2nd century CE ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
Legio XII Fulminata
ⓘ
Marcus Aurelius ⓘ Roman Empire ⓘ Roman army ⓘ |
| attributedCause |
invocation of pagan deities (pagan version)
ⓘ
prayers of Christian soldiers (Christian version) ⓘ |
| commemoratedIn |
Christian writings of late antiquity
ⓘ
Roman historical and panegyrical texts ⓘ |
| connectedTo |
debates about Christian presence in the Roman army
ⓘ
debates about miracles in late antique historiography ⓘ |
| considered | legend rather than firmly established historical fact ⓘ |
| coreEvent |
sudden rainstorm saved a Roman legion from thirst
ⓘ
thunderstorm scattered or discomfited enemy forces ⓘ |
| culturalContext | Second Sophistic and late antique religious competition ⓘ |
| hasAlternativeName |
Miracle of the Rain
ⓘ
Miracle of the Thundering Legion ⓘ Miracle of the Thundering Legionaries ⓘ
linked to:
Miracle of the Thundering Legion
|
| hasTheme |
conflict between pagan and Christian interpretations of the same event
ⓘ
divine protection of the Roman state ⓘ legitimization of Christian presence in imperial structures ⓘ |
| historicity | disputed ⓘ |
| interpretedAs |
answer to prayer
ⓘ
divine intervention ⓘ |
| involves |
drought
ⓘ
lightning and thunder ⓘ sudden heavy rainfall ⓘ thirst of Roman soldiers ⓘ |
| linkedTo |
Christian apologetic literature
ⓘ
imperial propaganda of Marcus Aurelius ⓘ martyr acts and legends ⓘ |
| location |
Danubian frontier (traditional attribution)
ⓘ
frontier region of the Roman Empire ⓘ |
| narrativeMotif |
army rescued by miraculous weather
ⓘ
divine aid in battle ⓘ |
| religiousTradition |
early Christian tradition
ⓘ
pagan Roman religious interpretation ⓘ |
| sourceType | literary tradition ⓘ |
| subjectOf |
iconographic representations in some later Christian art
ⓘ
modern scholarly debate on its sources and reliability ⓘ studies of early Christian military legends ⓘ |
| timePeriod | reign of Marcus Aurelius ⓘ |
| usedAs |
evidence of divine favor toward Christians (in Christian writings)
ⓘ
example of imperial piety (in Roman imperial ideology) ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Miracle of the XII Fulminata Description of subject: The Miracle of the XII Fulminata is a legendary event in which a sudden, divinely sent rainstorm reportedly saved a Roman legion from thirst and defeat during a battle, often associated with early Christian miracle traditions.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.