baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (in MOND context)
E808787
The baryonic Tully–Fisher relation in the MOND context is an empirical law, central to Milgrom’s modified gravity framework, linking a galaxy’s total baryonic mass to the fourth power of its asymptotic rotation velocity without invoking dark matter.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Tully–Fisher relation | 2 |
| baryonic Tully–Fisher relation | 2 |
| baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (in MOND context) canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T9600440 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (in MOND context) Context triple: [Mordehai Milgrom, associatedWithConcept, baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (in MOND context)]
-
A.
Tully-Fisher relation distances
Tully-Fisher relation distances are galaxy distance measurements derived from the empirical correlation between a spiral galaxy’s luminosity and its rotational velocity.
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B.
Faber–Jackson relation paper
The Faber–Jackson relation paper is a landmark astrophysics publication that established a correlation between the luminosity and stellar velocity dispersion of elliptical galaxies, providing key insights into their structure and evolution.
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C.
Faber–Jackson relation
The Faber–Jackson relation is an empirical correlation in astronomy that links the luminosity of an elliptical galaxy to the velocity dispersion of its stars, providing a key tool for estimating galactic distances and masses.
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D.
Tolman surface brightness test
The Tolman surface brightness test is an observational cosmology method that checks whether the universe is expanding by examining how the surface brightness of distant galaxies diminishes with redshift.
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E.
Milky Way dark matter halo
The Milky Way dark matter halo is the vast, roughly spherical, invisible mass of dark matter surrounding our galaxy that dominates its gravitational potential and governs the motions of its stars, gas, and satellite galaxies.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (in MOND context) Target entity description: The baryonic Tully–Fisher relation in the MOND context is an empirical law, central to Milgrom’s modified gravity framework, linking a galaxy’s total baryonic mass to the fourth power of its asymptotic rotation velocity without invoking dark matter.
-
A.
Tully-Fisher relation distances
Tully-Fisher relation distances are galaxy distance measurements derived from the empirical correlation between a spiral galaxy’s luminosity and its rotational velocity.
-
B.
Faber–Jackson relation paper
The Faber–Jackson relation paper is a landmark astrophysics publication that established a correlation between the luminosity and stellar velocity dispersion of elliptical galaxies, providing key insights into their structure and evolution.
-
C.
Faber–Jackson relation
The Faber–Jackson relation is an empirical correlation in astronomy that links the luminosity of an elliptical galaxy to the velocity dispersion of its stars, providing a key tool for estimating galactic distances and masses.
-
D.
Tolman surface brightness test
The Tolman surface brightness test is an observational cosmology method that checks whether the universe is expanding by examining how the surface brightness of distant galaxies diminishes with redshift.
-
E.
Milky Way dark matter halo
The Milky Way dark matter halo is the vast, roughly spherical, invisible mass of dark matter surrounding our galaxy that dominates its gravitational potential and governs the motions of its stars, gas, and satellite galaxies.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
astrophysical relation
ⓘ
empirical law ⓘ galactic scaling relation ⓘ |
| abbreviation | BTFR ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
gas-rich dwarf galaxies
ⓘ
late-type spiral galaxies ⓘ low surface brightness galaxies ⓘ |
| assumes |
asymptotically flat rotation curve
ⓘ
galaxy is rotationally supported ⓘ |
| baryonicMassIncludes |
cold gas mass
ⓘ
other detectable baryonic components ⓘ stellar mass ⓘ |
| category | relation between mass and kinematics in galaxies ⓘ |
| constantInvolved |
MOND acceleration constant a_0
ⓘ
Newtonian gravitational constant G ⓘ |
| contrastWith |
classical Tully–Fisher relation based only on luminosity
ⓘ
dark-matter-based explanations of galaxy rotation curves ⓘ |
| coreStatement | the total baryonic mass of a rotationally supported galaxy scales as the fourth power of its asymptotic circular velocity ⓘ |
| dependsOn | deep-MOND regime where accelerations are much smaller than a_0 ⓘ |
| empiricalFeature |
slope close to 4 in log–log space
ⓘ
zero-point consistent with a_0 inferred from other MOND phenomenology ⓘ |
| excludes | non-baryonic dark matter ⓘ |
| field |
galaxy dynamics
ⓘ
modified gravity ⓘ observational cosmology ⓘ |
| historicalContext | developed in the 1980s as part of Milgrom’s original MOND proposal ⓘ |
| implies | outer rotation velocity is determined by baryonic mass distribution alone in MOND ⓘ |
| mathematicalForm |
M_b = (V_f^4) / (G a_0) in the deep-MOND limit
ⓘ
M_b ∝ V_f^4 ⓘ |
| observationalStatus | well supported by data for many disk galaxies ⓘ |
| origin | MOND modification of the relation between acceleration and Newtonian gravity ⓘ |
| predicts |
small intrinsic scatter in the mass–velocity relation
ⓘ
tight correlation between baryonic mass and outer rotation velocity ⓘ |
| proposedBy | Mordehai Milgrom ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
mass discrepancy–acceleration relation
ⓘ
radial acceleration relation ⓘ |
| relatesQuantity |
asymptotic rotation velocity of a galaxy
ⓘ
total baryonic mass of a galaxy ⓘ |
| roleInMOND |
key phenomenological success of MOND
ⓘ
used to fix the numerical value of the MOND acceleration scale a_0 ⓘ |
| scaleInvarianceProperty | in deep-MOND limit the dynamics become scale invariant leading to M_b ∝ V^4 ⓘ |
| testedBy |
HI rotation curve surveys
ⓘ
near-infrared photometry of stellar disks ⓘ |
| theoreticalFramework | Modified Newtonian Dynamics ⓘ |
| usedFor |
constraining galaxy formation models
ⓘ
estimating baryonic masses from rotation curves ⓘ testing modified gravity theories ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (in MOND context) Description of subject: The baryonic Tully–Fisher relation in the MOND context is an empirical law, central to Milgrom’s modified gravity framework, linking a galaxy’s total baryonic mass to the fourth power of its asymptotic rotation velocity without invoking dark matter.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (in MOND context)
linked to: baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (in MOND context)
linked to: baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (in MOND context)