Kummuh
E753017
Kummuh was an Iron Age Neo-Hittite kingdom located in southeastern Anatolia, known from Assyrian records as a regional political and cultural center.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Kummuh canonical | 6 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8725122 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kummuh Context triple: [Neo-Hittite states, notableMember, Kummuh]
-
A.
King Gwanggaeto the Great
King Gwanggaeto the Great was a renowned 5th-century Korean monarch who vastly expanded the territory and power of the Goguryeo kingdom, making it one of the dominant states in East Asia.
-
B.
King Sanna
King Sanna was an early Javanese ruler known from ancient inscriptions as a predecessor in the lineage that led to the rise of the Mataram Kingdom in Central Java.
-
C.
King of Anshan
King of Anshan was an early royal title held by Cyrus the Great as ruler of the ancient Elamite region of Anshan in southwestern Iran, preceding his founding of the Achaemenid Persian Empire.
-
D.
King Geunchogo
King Geunchogo was a powerful 4th-century monarch of the Korean kingdom of Baekje, known for greatly expanding its territory and strengthening its political and cultural influence.
-
E.
Roi-Namur
Roi-Namur is a small island in the Kwajalein Atoll of the Marshall Islands, notable as a major World War II battleground and now home to U.S. military and missile testing facilities.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kummuh Target entity description: Kummuh was an Iron Age Neo-Hittite kingdom located in southeastern Anatolia, known from Assyrian records as a regional political and cultural center.
-
A.
King Gwanggaeto the Great
King Gwanggaeto the Great was a renowned 5th-century Korean monarch who vastly expanded the territory and power of the Goguryeo kingdom, making it one of the dominant states in East Asia.
-
B.
King Sanna
King Sanna was an early Javanese ruler known from ancient inscriptions as a predecessor in the lineage that led to the rise of the Mataram Kingdom in Central Java.
-
C.
King of Anshan
King of Anshan was an early royal title held by Cyrus the Great as ruler of the ancient Elamite region of Anshan in southwestern Iran, preceding his founding of the Achaemenid Persian Empire.
-
D.
King Geunchogo
King Geunchogo was a powerful 4th-century monarch of the Korean kingdom of Baekje, known for greatly expanding its territory and strengthening its political and cultural influence.
-
E.
Roi-Namur
Roi-Namur is a small island in the Kwajalein Atoll of the Marshall Islands, notable as a major World War II battleground and now home to U.S. military and missile testing facilities.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Iron Age polity
ⓘ
Neo-Hittite kingdom ⓘ |
| archaeologicalSite | Samsat Höyük ⓘ |
| conqueredBy | Neo-Assyrian Empire ⓘ |
| conqueredInCentury | 8th century BCE ⓘ |
| culturalStatus | regional cultural center ⓘ |
| culture |
Luwian
ⓘ
linked to:
Luwians
Neo-Hittite ⓘ
linked to:
Neo-Hittite states
|
| economyBasedOn |
agriculture
ⓘ
riverine trade ⓘ |
| event | became Assyrian vassal state ⓘ |
| flourishedInCentury |
7th century BCE
ⓘ
8th century BCE ⓘ 9th century BCE ⓘ |
| flourishedInPeriod | Iron Age ⓘ |
| hasAlternativeName |
Commagene (later classical name for region)
ⓘ
linked to:
Commagene
Kummuhu ⓘ |
| hasCapital | Samosata ⓘ |
| hasTypeOfMonument |
fortified settlements
ⓘ
inscribed stelae ⓘ |
| knownFrom |
Assyrian royal inscriptions
ⓘ
cuneiform sources ⓘ |
| languageUsed |
Akkadian (in Assyrian records)
ⓘ
linked to:
Akkadian
Luwian ⓘ
linked to:
Cuneiform Luwian
|
| locatedIn |
Upper Euphrates region
ⓘ
linked to:
Upper Mesopotamia
southeastern Anatolia ⓘ
linked to:
Southeastern Anatolia Region
|
| locatedOn |
Euphrates River
ⓘ
linked to:
Euphrates
|
| mentionedBy |
Sargon II
ⓘ
Shalmaneser III ⓘ Tiglath-pileser III ⓘ
linked to:
Tiglath-Pileser III
|
| modernLocation | near modern Samsat, Turkey ⓘ |
| neighboringEntity |
Assyria
ⓘ
Carchemish ⓘ
linked to:
Karkemish
Gurgum ⓘ Melid ⓘ |
| partOf |
Syro-Anatolian cultural sphere
ⓘ
linked to:
Syro-Anatolian region
network of Syro-Hittite states ⓘ |
| politicalStatus | regional political center ⓘ |
| politicalSystem | monarchy ⓘ |
| precededBy |
Hittite Empire (in regional control)
ⓘ
linked to:
Hittite Empire
|
| religion | Syro-Hittite religion ⓘ |
| strategicImportance | control of Upper Euphrates routes ⓘ |
| successorState |
Hellenistic Kingdom of Commagene
ⓘ
linked to:
Kingdom of Commagene
|
| timeDepth | post-Hittite period ⓘ |
| tributaryTo | Neo-Assyrian Empire ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Kummuh Description of subject: Kummuh was an Iron Age Neo-Hittite kingdom located in southeastern Anatolia, known from Assyrian records as a regional political and cultural center.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.