Leptospira interrogans
E739694
Leptospira interrogans is a pathogenic spirochete bacterium that causes leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease transmitted to humans and animals through the urine of infected hosts such as rats.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Leptospira interrogans canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8519723 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Leptospira interrogans Context triple: [Norway rat, diseaseVectorFor, Leptospira interrogans]
-
A.
Yersinia
Yersinia is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes several pathogenic species, most notably Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague.
-
B.
Yersinia pestis
Yersinia pestis is a highly virulent bacterium responsible for plague, including the historic pandemics of bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic forms.
-
C.
Arcobacter
Arcobacter is a genus of Gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacteria commonly associated with animals and environmental water sources, some species of which can cause gastrointestinal illness in humans.
-
D.
Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that causes the disease anthrax in humans and animals.
-
E.
Legionella bacteria
Legionella bacteria are waterborne pathogenic microorganisms that can proliferate in plumbing systems and cause Legionnaires’ disease, a severe form of pneumonia.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Leptospira interrogans Target entity description: Leptospira interrogans is a pathogenic spirochete bacterium that causes leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease transmitted to humans and animals through the urine of infected hosts such as rats.
-
A.
Yersinia
Yersinia is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes several pathogenic species, most notably Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague.
-
B.
Yersinia pestis
Yersinia pestis is a highly virulent bacterium responsible for plague, including the historic pandemics of bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic forms.
-
C.
Arcobacter
Arcobacter is a genus of Gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacteria commonly associated with animals and environmental water sources, some species of which can cause gastrointestinal illness in humans.
-
D.
Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that causes the disease anthrax in humans and animals.
-
E.
Legionella bacteria
Legionella bacteria are waterborne pathogenic microorganisms that can proliferate in plumbing systems and cause Legionnaires’ disease, a severe form of pneumonia.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (53)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
bacterial species
ⓘ
pathogenic bacterium ⓘ spirochete ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
occupational exposure in farmers
ⓘ
occupational exposure in sewage workers ⓘ recreational freshwater exposure ⓘ |
| biosafetyLevel | BSL-2 ⓘ |
| cellShape |
helical
ⓘ
spiral ⓘ |
| clinicalManifestationsInHumans |
Weil disease
ⓘ
fever ⓘ headache ⓘ jaundice ⓘ myalgia ⓘ renal failure ⓘ |
| diagnosticMethod |
PCR
ⓘ
culture ⓘ serology ⓘ |
| diseaseCaused | leptospirosis ⓘ |
| domain | Bacteria ⓘ |
| entryRoute |
mucous membranes
ⓘ
skin abrasions ⓘ |
| environmentalPreference |
humid climates
ⓘ
warm climates ⓘ |
| environmentalSurvival | can survive in moist environments ⓘ |
| family | Leptospiraceae ⓘ |
| firstDescribedBy |
Adolphe Laveran
ⓘ
linked to:
Alphonse Laveran
André Inada ⓘ |
| genus | Leptospira ⓘ |
| gramStain | Gram-negative ⓘ |
| metabolism | chemoorganotrophic ⓘ |
| motility | motile ⓘ |
| motilityMechanism | periplasmic flagella ⓘ |
| order | Spirochaetales ⓘ |
| oxygenRequirement | aerobic ⓘ |
| pathogenicTo |
domestic animals
ⓘ
humans ⓘ wild animals ⓘ |
| phylum |
Spirochaetota
ⓘ
linked to:
Spirochaetales
|
| primaryReservoirHosts | rats ⓘ |
| reservoirHosts |
dogs
ⓘ
livestock ⓘ rodents ⓘ wild mammals ⓘ |
| taxonRank | species ⓘ |
| transmissionRoute |
contact with soil contaminated by infected urine
ⓘ
contact with urine of infected animals ⓘ contact with water contaminated by infected urine ⓘ |
| treatment |
doxycycline
ⓘ
penicillin ⓘ third-generation cephalosporins ⓘ |
| vaccineAvailability | animal vaccines exist in some regions ⓘ |
| zoonotic | true ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Leptospira interrogans Description of subject: Leptospira interrogans is a pathogenic spirochete bacterium that causes leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease transmitted to humans and animals through the urine of infected hosts such as rats.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject linked to:
Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus)