Ganzfeld experiments
E739158
Ganzfeld experiments are parapsychological studies that attempt to detect evidence of extrasensory perception by placing participants in a sensory-reduced environment and testing for above-chance information transfer.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Ganzfeld effect | 1 |
| Ganzfeld experiments canonical | 1 |
| Ganzfeld installations | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8502782 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ganzfeld experiments Context triple: [ESP, testedBy, Ganzfeld experiments]
-
A.
Flim-Flam! Psychics, ESP, Unicorns, and Other Delusions
Flim-Flam! Psychics, ESP, Unicorns, and Other Delusions is a skeptical book by magician and debunker James Randi that critically examines and exposes claims of the paranormal, pseudoscience, and superstition.
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B.
Experimenter
Experimenter is a 2015 biographical drama film about social psychologist Stanley Milgram and his controversial obedience experiments.
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C.
Seeing Myself: The New Science of Out-of-Body Experiences
Seeing Myself: The New Science of Out-of-Body Experiences is a book by psychologist and consciousness researcher Susan Blackmore that explores the science, psychology, and personal phenomenology of out-of-body experiences.
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D.
Stroop Report
The Stroop Report is a detailed Nazi account compiled by SS General Jürgen Stroop that chronicles and photographs the brutal suppression and destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto and its Jewish resistance.
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E.
What Psychical Research Has Accomplished
"What Psychical Research Has Accomplished" is an essay by William James in which he critically examines and summarizes the findings and significance of late 19th-century psychical research into phenomena such as telepathy and spiritualism.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ganzfeld experiments Target entity description: Ganzfeld experiments are parapsychological studies that attempt to detect evidence of extrasensory perception by placing participants in a sensory-reduced environment and testing for above-chance information transfer.
-
A.
Flim-Flam! Psychics, ESP, Unicorns, and Other Delusions
Flim-Flam! Psychics, ESP, Unicorns, and Other Delusions is a skeptical book by magician and debunker James Randi that critically examines and exposes claims of the paranormal, pseudoscience, and superstition.
-
B.
Experimenter
Experimenter is a 2015 biographical drama film about social psychologist Stanley Milgram and his controversial obedience experiments.
-
C.
Seeing Myself: The New Science of Out-of-Body Experiences
Seeing Myself: The New Science of Out-of-Body Experiences is a book by psychologist and consciousness researcher Susan Blackmore that explores the science, psychology, and personal phenomenology of out-of-body experiences.
-
D.
Stroop Report
The Stroop Report is a detailed Nazi account compiled by SS General Jürgen Stroop that chronicles and photographs the brutal suppression and destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto and its Jewish resistance.
-
E.
What Psychical Research Has Accomplished
"What Psychical Research Has Accomplished" is an essay by William James in which he critically examines and summarizes the findings and significance of late 19th-century psychical research into phenomena such as telepathy and spiritualism.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (53)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
extrasensory perception experiment
ⓘ
parapsychological experiment ⓘ |
| aim |
to detect above-chance information transfer without known sensory channels
ⓘ
to test for extrasensory perception ⓘ |
| associatedConcept |
clairvoyance
ⓘ
psi ⓘ telepathy ⓘ |
| auditoryReductionMethod | white noise played through headphones ⓘ |
| autoganzfeldFeature |
automated recording of responses
ⓘ
computer-controlled randomization and presentation of targets ⓘ |
| blinding |
experimenter may be blind to target in some protocols
ⓘ
receiver is blind to target identity ⓘ |
| commonCriticism |
file-drawer effect and publication bias
ⓘ
inadequate randomization of targets ⓘ insufficient replication under strict controls ⓘ methodological flaws in early studies ⓘ sensory leakage possibilities ⓘ |
| criticizedBy |
mainstream psychologists
ⓘ
skeptical researchers ⓘ |
| ethicalConsideration |
generally considered low risk
ⓘ
requires informed consent from participants ⓘ |
| evaluationMethod |
forced-choice judging among several targets
ⓘ
receiver rates similarity of multiple candidate targets ⓘ |
| field | parapsychology ⓘ |
| inductionMethod |
mild hypnosis or guided imagery in some protocols
ⓘ
relaxation instructions ⓘ |
| interpretationDispute |
critics attribute results to methodological artifacts and biases
ⓘ
parapsychologists interpret positive results as evidence for psi ⓘ |
| metaAnalysisResult | some meta-analyses report small but statistically significant effects ⓘ |
| notableProponent |
Adrian Parker
ⓘ
Charles Honorton ⓘ Daryl Bem ⓘ Dean Radin ⓘ Ray Hyman (as critic and analyst) ⓘ
linked to:
Ray Hyman
|
| originatedInDecade | 1970s ⓘ |
| primaryMeasure |
effect size of information transfer
ⓘ
hit rate above chance expectation ⓘ |
| relatedTechnique |
autoganzfeld protocol
ⓘ
sensory deprivation ⓘ |
| responseMode | receiver gives free-response mentation reports ⓘ |
| statusInScience |
considered controversial
ⓘ
not accepted as evidence for ESP by scientific consensus ⓘ |
| targetSelectionMethod | random selection from a target pool ⓘ |
| targetType |
drawings
ⓘ
photographs ⓘ static images ⓘ video clips ⓘ |
| typicalSetup |
receiver placed in a relaxed state with reduced visual and auditory input
ⓘ
sender attempts to mentally transmit target information to receiver ⓘ |
| useMethod |
mild sensory homogenization
ⓘ
sensory reduction ⓘ |
| visualReductionMethod |
translucent halved ping-pong balls over the eyes
ⓘ
uniform diffuse red light illumination ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Ganzfeld experiments Description of subject: Ganzfeld experiments are parapsychological studies that attempt to detect evidence of extrasensory perception by placing participants in a sensory-reduced environment and testing for above-chance information transfer.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Ganzfeld experiments
linked to: Ganzfeld experiments