up quark
E674924
The up quark is a fundamental constituent of matter, a first-generation quark with a charge of +2/3e that, together with down quarks, forms protons and neutrons.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| up quark canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7600598 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: up quark Context triple: [quark model, originallyUsedQuarkFlavors, up quark]
-
A.
Quark
Quark is an Italian popular science television program created and hosted by Piero Angela that explains scientific and technological topics to a general audience.
-
B.
Quark
Quark is a Ferengi bartender and shrewd businessman on the space station Deep Space Nine in the Star Trek universe.
-
C.
Neutrino
A neutrino is an extremely light, electrically neutral elementary particle that interacts only via the weak nuclear force and gravity, making it very difficult to detect.
-
D.
W boson
The W boson is a massive elementary particle that mediates the weak nuclear force and is responsible for processes like beta decay in the Standard Model of particle physics.
-
E.
Superquark
Superquark is an Italian popular science television program, created and hosted by Piero Angela, that explains scientific, technological, and cultural topics to a broad audience.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: up quark Target entity description: The up quark is a fundamental constituent of matter, a first-generation quark with a charge of +2/3e that, together with down quarks, forms protons and neutrons.
-
A.
Quark
Quark is an Italian popular science television program created and hosted by Piero Angela that explains scientific and technological topics to a general audience.
-
B.
Quark
Quark is a Ferengi bartender and shrewd businessman on the space station Deep Space Nine in the Star Trek universe.
-
C.
Neutrino
A neutrino is an extremely light, electrically neutral elementary particle that interacts only via the weak nuclear force and gravity, making it very difficult to detect.
-
D.
W boson
The W boson is a massive elementary particle that mediates the weak nuclear force and is responsible for processes like beta decay in the Standard Model of particle physics.
-
E.
Superquark
Superquark is an Italian popular science television program, created and hosted by Piero Angela, that explains scientific, technological, and cultural topics to a broad audience.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Standard Model particle
ⓘ
elementary particle ⓘ first-generation quark ⓘ quark ⓘ |
| baryonExamplesContaining |
neutron
ⓘ
proton ⓘ |
| baryonNumber | +1/3 ⓘ |
| belongsToQuarkFamily | up-type quark ⓘ |
| chargeConjugate | anti-up quark ⓘ |
| CKMPartners |
bottom quark
ⓘ
down quark ⓘ strange quark ⓘ |
| colorCharge | yes ⓘ |
| colorStates |
blue
ⓘ
green ⓘ red ⓘ |
| confinement | cannot be isolated as a free particle at low energies ⓘ |
| constituentOf |
neutron
ⓘ
proton ⓘ |
| discoveredIn | 1960s ⓘ |
| electricCharge |
+0.6666667 e
ⓘ
+2/3 e ⓘ |
| electricChargeInCoulombs | approximately +1.07e-19 C ⓘ |
| foundIn | atomic nuclei ⓘ |
| framework | quantum chromodynamics ⓘ |
| generation | first generation ⓘ |
| hasAntiparticle | anti-up quark ⓘ |
| hasGenerationPartners | down quark ⓘ |
| isFundamental | true ⓘ |
| leptonNumber | 0 ⓘ |
| massOrdering | lightest quark ⓘ |
| massRangeMeV | about 2 to 3 MeV/c^2 ⓘ |
| massType | current quark mass ⓘ |
| mesonExamplesContaining |
pi-plus meson
ⓘ
pi-zero meson ⓘ
linked to:
pion
|
| participatesInInteraction |
electromagnetic interaction
ⓘ
gravitational interaction ⓘ strong interaction ⓘ weak interaction ⓘ |
| quarkContentExample |
neutron has one up quark and two down quarks
ⓘ
proton has two up quarks and one down quark ⓘ |
| roleInMatter | dominant constituent of ordinary baryonic matter ⓘ |
| spin | 1/2 ⓘ |
| statistics |
Fermi–Dirac
ⓘ
linked to:
Fermi–Dirac statistics
|
| symbol | u ⓘ |
| theorizedBy |
George Zweig
ⓘ
Murray Gell-Mann ⓘ |
| weakHypercharge | +1/3 ⓘ |
| weakIsospin | +1/2 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: up quark Description of subject: The up quark is a fundamental constituent of matter, a first-generation quark with a charge of +2/3e that, together with down quarks, forms protons and neutrons.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.