2014 Russian time zone reform
E61835
The 2014 Russian time zone reform was a nationwide adjustment of Russia’s timekeeping system that changed the number, boundaries, and UTC offsets of its time zones, including the abolition of permanent daylight saving time.
All labels observed (4)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T493668 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: 2014 Russian time zone reform Context triple: [Yakutsk Time, wasAffectedBy, 2014 Russian time zone reform]
-
A.
Moscow Time
Moscow Time is the standard time zone used in Moscow and much of western Russia, corresponding to UTC+3 year-round.
-
B.
Yakutsk Time (seasonally, depending on Russian DST history)
Yakutsk Time is a time zone used in eastern Russia that has seasonally aligned with Japan Standard Time at various points depending on Russia’s daylight saving time policies.
-
C.
Revised Julian calendar
The Revised Julian calendar is a modernized version of the traditional Julian calendar, adopted by several Eastern Orthodox Churches to more closely align fixed feast dates with the Gregorian calendar while retaining the Orthodox Paschalion.
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D.
Vladivostok Time (VLAT)
Vladivostok Time (VLAT) is a time zone used in Russia’s Far East, including the city of Vladivostok, typically set nine hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+9).
-
E.
Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
The Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation was the 2014 takeover and incorporation of Ukraine’s Crimean Peninsula into Russia, following a disputed referendum widely condemned as illegal under international law.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: 2014 Russian time zone reform Target entity description: The 2014 Russian time zone reform was a nationwide adjustment of Russia’s timekeeping system that changed the number, boundaries, and UTC offsets of its time zones, including the abolition of permanent daylight saving time.
-
A.
Moscow Time
Moscow Time is the standard time zone used in Moscow and much of western Russia, corresponding to UTC+3 year-round.
-
B.
Yakutsk Time (seasonally, depending on Russian DST history)
Yakutsk Time is a time zone used in eastern Russia that has seasonally aligned with Japan Standard Time at various points depending on Russia’s daylight saving time policies.
-
C.
Revised Julian calendar
The Revised Julian calendar is a modernized version of the traditional Julian calendar, adopted by several Eastern Orthodox Churches to more closely align fixed feast dates with the Gregorian calendar while retaining the Orthodox Paschalion.
-
D.
Vladivostok Time (VLAT)
Vladivostok Time (VLAT) is a time zone used in Russia’s Far East, including the city of Vladivostok, typically set nine hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+9).
-
E.
Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
The Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation was the 2014 takeover and incorporation of Ukraine’s Crimean Peninsula into Russia, following a disputed referendum widely condemned as illegal under international law.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
event in Russia
ⓘ
law of Russia ⓘ time zone reform ⓘ |
| abolishedPractice | permanent daylight saving time ⓘ |
| affectedAdministrativeUnits | federal subjects of Russia ⓘ |
| affectedRegion |
European Russia
ⓘ
Russian Far East ⓘ
linked to:
Russia Far East
Siberia ⓘ |
| appliesTo | civil timekeeping in Russia ⓘ |
| appliesToJurisdiction |
Russian Federation
ⓘ
linked to:
Russia
|
| approvedBy | Federation Council of Russia ⓘ |
| changedNumberOfTimeZones | from 9 to 11 ⓘ |
| changedUTCOffsetOf | Moscow Time ⓘ |
| chronology |
occurs after 2011 Russian time zone reform
ⓘ
occurs before later local time zone adjustments in some regions ⓘ |
| country | Russia ⓘ |
| effectiveDate | 2014-10-26 ⓘ |
| excludedPractice | seasonal daylight saving time shifts ⓘ |
| follows | abolition of seasonal daylight saving time in 2011 ⓘ |
| hasConsequence |
alignment of Russian time closer to solar time in many regions
ⓘ
no seasonal clock changes in Russia after 2014 ⓘ |
| implementsPolicy | permanent standard time in Russia ⓘ |
| introducedPractice | permanent standard time ⓘ |
| languageOfDocument | Russian ⓘ |
| legalStatus | in force ⓘ |
| legislatedBy |
State Duma of Russia
ⓘ
linked to:
State Duma
|
| legislativeAct | Federal Law No. 248-ФЗ ⓘ |
| mainSubject |
daylight saving time
ⓘ
time zones ⓘ |
| MoscowTimeOffsetAfterReform | UTC+3 ⓘ |
| MoscowTimeOffsetBeforeReform | UTC+4 ⓘ |
| motivatedBy |
health and social concerns about late sunrises
ⓘ
public dissatisfaction with 2011 time change ⓘ |
| partOf |
Russian timekeeping policy
ⓘ
linked to:
2014 Russian time zone reform
|
| pointInTime | 2014 ⓘ |
| purpose | adjust Russia’s timekeeping system ⓘ |
| regulates | official time in Russia ⓘ |
| replaces | 2011 Russian time zone reform ⓘ |
| restoredTimeZones | some previously abolished Russian time zones ⓘ |
| result |
abolition of permanent daylight saving time in Russia
ⓘ
change in UTC offsets of Russian time zones ⓘ change in boundaries of Russian time zones ⓘ change in number of Russian time zones ⓘ |
| scope | entire territory of the Russian Federation ⓘ |
| signedBy |
President of Russia
ⓘ
linked to:
President of the Russian Federation
|
| timeChangeMoment | 2014-10-26 02:00 local time ⓘ |
| typeOfChange | nationwide adjustment of time zones ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: 2014 Russian time zone reform Description of subject: The 2014 Russian time zone reform was a nationwide adjustment of Russia’s timekeeping system that changed the number, boundaries, and UTC offsets of its time zones, including the abolition of permanent daylight saving time.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject linked to:
Yakutsk Time (seasonally, depending on Russian DST history)
linked to: 2014 Russian time zone reform
linked to: 2014 Russian time zone reform
Irkutsk Time
→
historicalChange
→
Russia switched from permanent daylight saving time to permanent standard time in 2014 affecting Irkutsk Time
ⓘ
linked to: 2014 Russian time zone reform