Kimura two-parameter model
E612268
Markov model of sequence evolution
mathematical model in molecular evolution
nucleotide substitution model
substitution model
The Kimura two-parameter model is a foundational mathematical model in molecular evolution that describes DNA sequence change by distinguishing between transition and transversion substitution rates.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Kimura two-parameter model canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T6683307 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kimura two-parameter model Context triple: [Motoo Kimura, knownFor, Kimura two-parameter model]
-
A.
Charney equation
The Charney equation is a fundamental quasi-geostrophic equation in atmospheric dynamics that describes large-scale Rossby waves and mid-latitude weather patterns on a rotating planet.
-
B.
Sakata model
The Sakata model is an early composite model of hadrons that proposed protons, neutrons, and lambda particles as fundamental building blocks, anticipating key ideas later formalized in the quark model.
-
C.
Darwin–Fowler method
The Darwin–Fowler method is a statistical mechanics technique that uses complex analysis and generating functions to derive distribution laws for systems of many particles.
-
D.
Goodman–Martínez–Thompson correlation
The Goodman–Martínez–Thompson correlation is the most widely accepted scholarly conversion formula that aligns dates in the ancient Maya Long Count calendar with the Gregorian calendar.
-
E.
Modigliani–Brumberg model
The Modigliani–Brumberg model is an economic life-cycle theory explaining how individuals plan consumption and saving over their lifetimes to smooth living standards despite changing income.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kimura two-parameter model Target entity description: The Kimura two-parameter model is a foundational mathematical model in molecular evolution that describes DNA sequence change by distinguishing between transition and transversion substitution rates.
-
A.
Charney equation
The Charney equation is a fundamental quasi-geostrophic equation in atmospheric dynamics that describes large-scale Rossby waves and mid-latitude weather patterns on a rotating planet.
-
B.
Sakata model
The Sakata model is an early composite model of hadrons that proposed protons, neutrons, and lambda particles as fundamental building blocks, anticipating key ideas later formalized in the quark model.
-
C.
Darwin–Fowler method
The Darwin–Fowler method is a statistical mechanics technique that uses complex analysis and generating functions to derive distribution laws for systems of many particles.
-
D.
Goodman–Martínez–Thompson correlation
The Goodman–Martínez–Thompson correlation is the most widely accepted scholarly conversion formula that aligns dates in the ancient Maya Long Count calendar with the Gregorian calendar.
-
E.
Modigliani–Brumberg model
The Modigliani–Brumberg model is an economic life-cycle theory explaining how individuals plan consumption and saving over their lifetimes to smooth living standards despite changing income.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Markov model of sequence evolution
ⓘ
mathematical model in molecular evolution ⓘ nucleotide substitution model ⓘ substitution model ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
K2P model
ⓘ
K80 model ⓘ |
| appliesTo | DNA sequences ⓘ |
| assumes |
constant substitution rates across sites
ⓘ
equal base frequencies ⓘ homogeneous substitution process over time ⓘ independent evolution at different sites ⓘ time-reversible substitution process ⓘ |
| basedOn | continuous-time Markov chain ⓘ |
| belongsTo |
field of molecular evolution
ⓘ
field of population genetics ⓘ |
| comparedWith |
HKY85 model
ⓘ
Jukes–Cantor model ⓘ Tamura–Nei model ⓘ |
| defines | expected proportion of nucleotide differences ⓘ |
| distinguishes |
transition substitution rate
ⓘ
transversion substitution rate ⓘ |
| domain | nucleotide positions in DNA ⓘ |
| generalizes | Jukes–Cantor model ⓘ |
| hasAssumption |
no insertion–deletion events
ⓘ
stationary nucleotide composition ⓘ |
| hasParameter |
overall evolutionary distance
ⓘ
transition rate parameter ⓘ transversion rate parameter ⓘ |
| implementedIn |
BEAST
ⓘ
MEGA software ⓘ MrBayes ⓘ PAUP* ⓘ PHYLIP ⓘ RAxML ⓘ |
| influenced | development of more complex nucleotide substitution models ⓘ |
| isSpecialCaseOf | general time reversible model ⓘ |
| mathematicallyCharacterizedBy | two distinct substitution rate parameters ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Motoo Kimura ⓘ |
| proposedBy | Motoo Kimura ⓘ |
| publicationYear | 1980 ⓘ |
| usedFor |
correcting multiple substitutions at the same site
ⓘ
estimating evolutionary divergence between sequences ⓘ |
| usedIn |
DNA sequence alignment analysis
ⓘ
distance-based phylogenetic methods ⓘ maximum likelihood phylogenetic inference ⓘ molecular evolutionary distance estimation ⓘ phylogenetic tree reconstruction ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Kimura two-parameter model Description of subject: The Kimura two-parameter model is a foundational mathematical model in molecular evolution that describes DNA sequence change by distinguishing between transition and transversion substitution rates.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.