law of mass action
E554718
The law of mass action is a fundamental principle in chemistry stating that the rate and equilibrium position of a chemical reaction depend on the concentrations of the reacting substances, each raised to a power corresponding to its stoichiometric coefficient.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| law of mass action canonical | 5 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5904721 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: law of mass action Context triple: [Claude-Louis Berthollet, knownFor, law of mass action]
-
A.
law of conservation of mass
The law of conservation of mass is a fundamental principle of classical physics and chemistry stating that in a closed system, mass is neither created nor destroyed during chemical reactions or physical transformations.
-
B.
Gibbs–Duhem equation
The Gibbs–Duhem equation is a fundamental thermodynamic relation that links changes in chemical potential, temperature, and pressure for multicomponent systems, ensuring consistency among intensive variables.
-
C.
ideal gas law
The ideal gas law is a fundamental equation in thermodynamics that relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of an idealized gas, providing a simple model for gas behavior under many conditions.
-
D.
Butler–Volmer equation
The Butler–Volmer equation is a fundamental relation in electrochemistry that describes how the rate of an electrode reaction (current density) depends on the electrode potential and reaction kinetics.
-
E.
Sievers' law
Sievers' law is a historical phonological rule in Indo-European linguistics that explains the alternation between consonantal and vocalic forms of certain sounds (notably *y and *w) depending on the weight of the preceding syllable.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: law of mass action Target entity description: The law of mass action is a fundamental principle in chemistry stating that the rate and equilibrium position of a chemical reaction depend on the concentrations of the reacting substances, each raised to a power corresponding to its stoichiometric coefficient.
-
A.
law of conservation of mass
The law of conservation of mass is a fundamental principle of classical physics and chemistry stating that in a closed system, mass is neither created nor destroyed during chemical reactions or physical transformations.
-
B.
Gibbs–Duhem equation
The Gibbs–Duhem equation is a fundamental thermodynamic relation that links changes in chemical potential, temperature, and pressure for multicomponent systems, ensuring consistency among intensive variables.
-
C.
ideal gas law
The ideal gas law is a fundamental equation in thermodynamics that relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of an idealized gas, providing a simple model for gas behavior under many conditions.
-
D.
Butler–Volmer equation
The Butler–Volmer equation is a fundamental relation in electrochemistry that describes how the rate of an electrode reaction (current density) depends on the electrode potential and reaction kinetics.
-
E.
Sievers' law
Sievers' law is a historical phonological rule in Indo-European linguistics that explains the alternation between consonantal and vocalic forms of certain sounds (notably *y and *w) depending on the weight of the preceding syllable.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
chemical law
ⓘ
principle of chemical equilibrium ⓘ principle of chemical kinetics ⓘ |
| appliesIn |
biochemical reactions
ⓘ
enzyme kinetics models ⓘ gas-phase reactions ⓘ solution-phase reactions ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
chemical reactions
ⓘ
elementary reactions ⓘ homogeneous reactions ⓘ |
| assumes |
constant temperature
ⓘ
elementary reaction mechanism for direct use of stoichiometric exponents in rate law ⓘ ideal behavior of reacting species ⓘ |
| basisFor |
Michaelis–Menten kinetics derivation
ⓘ
equilibrium constant expressions in analytical chemistry ⓘ mass-action kinetics in systems biology ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Norway ⓘ |
| dependsOn |
stoichiometric coefficients of the balanced reaction
ⓘ
temperature via equilibrium constant K ⓘ |
| describes |
relationship between equilibrium constant and reactant and product activities
ⓘ
relationship between reaction rate and reactant concentrations ⓘ |
| field |
chemical kinetics
ⓘ
chemistry ⓘ thermodynamics ⓘ |
| formulatedBy |
Cato Maximilian Guldberg
ⓘ
Peter Waage ⓘ |
| generalizedBy | statistical mechanics ⓘ |
| hasLimitation |
does not strictly apply to non-ideal solutions without activity corrections
ⓘ
stoichiometric exponents equal kinetic orders only for elementary steps ⓘ |
| historicalPublication | Guldberg and Waage's papers on chemical affinity in the 1860s ⓘ |
| involvesQuantity |
activity
ⓘ
concentration ⓘ equilibrium constant ⓘ reaction rate ⓘ |
| mathematicalForm |
K = ∏a_product^{ν_product} / ∏a_reactant^{ν_reactant}
ⓘ
rate = k ∏[reactant_i]^{ν_i} ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Arrhenius equation
ⓘ
Gibbs free energy ⓘ Le Chatelier's principle ⓘ chemical potential ⓘ equilibrium thermodynamics ⓘ |
| states |
at equilibrium the ratio of product activities to reactant activities each raised to their stoichiometric coefficients is constant at a given temperature
ⓘ
reaction rate is proportional to the product of reactant concentrations each raised to a power equal to its stoichiometric coefficient ⓘ |
| symbolizedBy | K for equilibrium constant ⓘ |
| usedFor |
calculating equilibrium compositions
ⓘ
deriving rate laws of elementary reactions ⓘ predicting direction of chemical reactions ⓘ writing equilibrium constant expressions ⓘ |
| yearDeveloped | 1867 ⓘ |
| yearProposed | 1864 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: law of mass action Description of subject: The law of mass action is a fundamental principle in chemistry stating that the rate and equilibrium position of a chemical reaction depend on the concentrations of the reacting substances, each raised to a power corresponding to its stoichiometric coefficient.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.