Kalends Nones Ides
E531234
Kalends, Nones, and Ides are the three key reference points used in the Roman calendar to count and name the days of each month.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Ides | 1 |
| Kalends Nones Ides canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5534076 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kalends Nones Ides Context triple: [Roman calendar, hadDayCountingSystem, Kalends Nones Ides]
-
A.
Sextilia
Sextilia was a Roman noblewoman of the 1st century AD, best known as the mother of the emperor Aulus Vitellius.
-
B.
Vinalia Faculae
Vinalia Faculae are bright, reflective deposits on the surface of dwarf planet Ceres, notable for their high albedo and association with possible brine-related geological activity.
-
C.
Vinalia
Vinalia was an ancient Roman festival dedicated to wine and the protection of the grape harvest, associated especially with Jupiter and Venus.
-
D.
Lupercalia
Lupercalia was an ancient Roman fertility and purification festival, held in mid-February and traditionally linked to the legendary founders Romulus and Remus.
-
E.
Vulcanalia
Vulcanalia was an ancient Roman religious festival held in honor of Vulcan, the god of fire and metalworking, typically observed with rituals aimed at averting destructive fires.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kalends Nones Ides Target entity description: Kalends, Nones, and Ides are the three key reference points used in the Roman calendar to count and name the days of each month.
-
A.
Sextilia
Sextilia was a Roman noblewoman of the 1st century AD, best known as the mother of the emperor Aulus Vitellius.
-
B.
Vinalia Faculae
Vinalia Faculae are bright, reflective deposits on the surface of dwarf planet Ceres, notable for their high albedo and association with possible brine-related geological activity.
-
C.
Vinalia
Vinalia was an ancient Roman festival dedicated to wine and the protection of the grape harvest, associated especially with Jupiter and Venus.
-
D.
Lupercalia
Lupercalia was an ancient Roman fertility and purification festival, held in mid-February and traditionally linked to the legendary founders Romulus and Remus.
-
E.
Vulcanalia
Vulcanalia was an ancient Roman religious festival held in honor of Vulcan, the god of fire and metalworking, typically observed with rituals aimed at averting destructive fires.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Roman calendar concept set
ⓘ
Roman calendar reference day ⓘ calendar reference system ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
account-keeping
ⓘ
assassination of Julius Caesar ⓘ debt payments in Rome ⓘ |
| calendarType |
Julian Roman calendar
ⓘ
lunar-solar origin ⓘ pre-Julian Roman calendar ⓘ |
| countingMethod | inclusive counting backward from reference days ⓘ |
| culture |
Ancient Rome
ⓘ
linked to:
Roman Antiquity
|
| dayNamingBasis |
lunar phases (originally)
ⓘ
market cycles ⓘ religious observances ⓘ |
| etymology | Latin kalendae ⓘ |
| famousExample | Ides of March ⓘ |
| hasPart |
Ides
ⓘ
Kalends ⓘ Nones ⓘ |
| influenceOn |
ecclesiastical calendars
ⓘ
medieval dating formulas ⓘ |
| language | Latin ⓘ |
| notationExample |
a.d. III Nonas Martias
ⓘ
a.d. IV Idus Martias ⓘ pridie Kalendas Ianuarias ⓘ |
| occurrenceFrequency | once per month ⓘ |
| originalFunction |
day when the pontifex announced the new month
ⓘ
linked to sighting of the new moon ⓘ marker of the first quarter of the lunar month (originally) ⓘ marker of the full moon (originally) ⓘ |
| positionInMonth |
13th day in most months
ⓘ
15th day in March May July October ⓘ 5th day in most months ⓘ 7th day in March May July October ⓘ first day of the month ⓘ |
| referencePointsPerMonth | 3 ⓘ |
| relationToIdes | 9 days before the Ides (inclusive count) ⓘ |
| timePeriod |
Roman Empire
ⓘ
Roman Republic ⓘ |
| usedFor |
counting days backward to the Ides
ⓘ
counting days backward to the Nones ⓘ counting days backward to the start of the next month ⓘ counting days of the month ⓘ naming days of the month ⓘ |
| usedIn | Roman calendar ⓘ |
| usesReferencePoints | Kalends Nones Ides ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Kalends Nones Ides Description of subject: Kalends, Nones, and Ides are the three key reference points used in the Roman calendar to count and name the days of each month.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Kalends Nones Ides