Venera 11
E490423
Venera 11 was a Soviet space probe launched in 1978 as part of the Venera program to study Venus’s atmosphere and surface.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Venera 11 canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4780827 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Venera 11 Context triple: [Venera missions, spacecraftSeries, Venera 11]
-
A.
Venera 8
Venera 8 was a Soviet space probe that successfully landed on Venus in 1972 and transmitted data from its surface, contributing significantly to early Venus exploration.
-
B.
Venera 9
Venera 9 was a Soviet spacecraft that became the first human-made probe to successfully return images from the surface of Venus.
-
C.
Venera 10
Venera 10 was a Soviet space probe that successfully orbited Venus and transmitted data from its surface as part of the USSR’s pioneering Venera program.
-
D.
Venera 5
Venera 5 was a Soviet space probe launched in 1969 as part of the Venera program to study the atmosphere and surface conditions of Venus.
-
E.
Venera 6
Venera 6 was a Soviet space probe launched in 1969 to study the atmosphere of Venus during its descent.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Venera 11 Target entity description: Venera 11 was a Soviet space probe launched in 1978 as part of the Venera program to study Venus’s atmosphere and surface.
-
A.
Venera 8
Venera 8 was a Soviet space probe that successfully landed on Venus in 1972 and transmitted data from its surface, contributing significantly to early Venus exploration.
-
B.
Venera 9
Venera 9 was a Soviet spacecraft that became the first human-made probe to successfully return images from the surface of Venus.
-
C.
Venera 10
Venera 10 was a Soviet space probe that successfully orbited Venus and transmitted data from its surface as part of the USSR’s pioneering Venera program.
-
D.
Venera 5
Venera 5 was a Soviet space probe launched in 1969 as part of the Venera program to study the atmosphere and surface conditions of Venus.
-
E.
Venera 6
Venera 6 was a Soviet space probe launched in 1969 to study the atmosphere of Venus during its descent.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (52)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf | space probe ⓘ |
| atmosphericEntryDate | 1978-12-25 ⓘ |
| cameraSystem | failed to operate on surface ⓘ |
| COSPARId | 1978-084A ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Soviet Union ⓘ |
| descentParachute |
jettisoned before surface impact
ⓘ
used in upper atmosphere ⓘ |
| heatShield | used for atmospheric entry ⓘ |
| landingModuleMass | 1560 kg ⓘ |
| landingSite | Venus dayside, near equator (approximate) ⓘ |
| landingSystem | aerodynamic braking, parachute, then free-fall landing ⓘ |
| launchDate | 1978-09-09 ⓘ |
| launchMass | 4970 kg ⓘ |
| launchSite |
Baikonur Cosmodrome
ⓘ
Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81/24 ⓘ
linked to:
Baikonur Cosmodrome
|
| launchVehicle |
Blok DM upper stage
ⓘ
linked to:
Blok D upper stage
Proton-K rocket ⓘ
linked to:
Proton rocket
|
| manufacturer |
Lavochkin Association
ⓘ
linked to:
Lavochkin design bureau
|
| missionDuration | about 95 days (cruise to Venus) ⓘ |
| missionOutcome | partially successful ⓘ |
| missionTarget | Venus ⓘ |
| missionType |
atmospheric study
ⓘ
planetary science ⓘ surface study ⓘ |
| notableResult |
detailed vertical profile of Venus atmosphere
ⓘ
measurements of cloud composition and structure ⓘ surface gamma-ray data on Venusian rocks ⓘ |
| operatedBy | Soviet Academy of Sciences ⓘ |
| orbitalFlyby | performed by carrier bus after probe release ⓘ |
| partOf |
Venera program
ⓘ
linked to:
Venera missions
|
| powerSource | solar panels ⓘ |
| predecessor | Venera 10 ⓘ |
| program | Venera ⓘ |
| radioFrequency | decimetric band for communications ⓘ |
| scientificInstruments |
charged particle detectors
ⓘ
gamma-ray spectrometer ⓘ gas chromatograph ⓘ magnetometer ⓘ mass spectrometer ⓘ nephelometer ⓘ photometers ⓘ radio science experiment ⓘ |
| spacecraftBus | 4V-1 ⓘ |
| spacecraftType | flyby bus with atmospheric entry probe ⓘ |
| successor | Venera 12 ⓘ |
| surfaceOperationsDuration | about 95 minutes ⓘ |
| surfacePressureMeasured | approximately 89 atmospheres ⓘ |
| surfaceTemperatureMeasured | approximately 452 °C ⓘ |
| telemetry | transmitted data during descent and on surface ⓘ |
| twinMission | Venera 12 ⓘ |
| venusLanding | successful ⓘ |
| venusLandingDate | 1978-12-25 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Venera 11 Description of subject: Venera 11 was a Soviet space probe launched in 1978 as part of the Venera program to study Venus’s atmosphere and surface.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.