Snowden leaks

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The Snowden leaks were a series of revelations by former NSA contractor Edward Snowden that exposed extensive global surveillance programs run by the U.S. and its allies, sparking worldwide debates over privacy, security, and government transparency.

All labels observed (1)

Label Occurrences
Snowden leaks canonical 1

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (93)

Predicate Object
instanceOf intelligence leak ⓘ
mass surveillance disclosure ⓘ
political scandal ⓘ
whistleblowing case ⓘ
approximateDocumentCount thousands of documents ⓘ
characterizedAs unprecedented in scope of intelligence disclosures ⓘ
disclosedBy Edward Snowden ⓘ
documentType PowerPoint presentations ⓘ
classified NSA documents ⓘ
internal NSA reports ⓘ
firstPublishedIn The Guardian ⓘ
The Washington Post ⓘ
linked to: Washington Post
hasConsequence asylum for Edward Snowden in Russia ⓘ
diplomatic tensions between the United States and allies ⓘ
expansion of privacy advocacy movements ⓘ
public criticism of NSA and GCHQ ⓘ
renewed focus on whistleblower protections ⓘ
strained U.S.–Germany relations ⓘ
hasTheme civil liberties ⓘ
digital rights ⓘ
government transparency ⓘ
national security ⓘ
privacy ⓘ
whistleblowing ⓘ
influenced European Court of Justice rulings on data transfer ⓘ
international data protection debates ⓘ
public understanding of digital surveillance ⓘ
technology company data protection policies ⓘ
involvesCountry Australia ⓘ
Brazil ⓘ
Canada ⓘ
Germany ⓘ
New Zealand ⓘ
Russia ⓘ
United Kingdom ⓘ
United States ⓘ
involvesOrganization Five Eyes ⓘ
linked to: Five Eyes alliance

Government Communications Headquarters ⓘ
National Security Agency ⓘ
United States government ⓘ
United States intelligence community ⓘ
ledTo USA FREEDOM Act ⓘ
changes in technology company encryption practices ⓘ
greater transparency reports by tech companies ⓘ
increased adoption of end-to-end encryption ⓘ
legalBasisContested Section 215 of the USA PATRIOT Act ⓘ
Section 702 of the FISA Amendments Act ⓘ
locationOfFirstPublication United Kingdom ⓘ
United States ⓘ
mainProtagonist Edward Snowden ⓘ
mediaCoverageBy Der Spiegel ⓘ
El País ⓘ
Globo ⓘ
linked to: Rede Globo

Le Monde ⓘ
O Globo ⓘ
The Guardian ⓘ
The Intercept ⓘ
The New York Times ⓘ
The Washington Post ⓘ
linked to: Washington Post
notableJournalist Barton Gellman ⓘ
Glenn Greenwald ⓘ
Laura Poitras ⓘ
opposedBy Obama administration officials ⓘ
linked to: White House staff

U.S. intelligence officials ⓘ
publicReaction criticism of Snowden as a traitor by some officials ⓘ
support for Edward Snowden as a whistleblower ⓘ
worldwide protests against mass surveillance ⓘ
relatedTo Chelsea Manning disclosures ⓘ
NSA warrantless surveillance controversy ⓘ
WikiLeaks ⓘ
global surveillance disclosures ⓘ
revealedPractice bulk internet communications surveillance ⓘ
cooperation between intelligence agencies and technology companies ⓘ
mass collection of telephone metadata ⓘ
surveillance of foreign leaders ⓘ
tapping of undersea fiber-optic cables ⓘ
warrantless surveillance of U.S. persons ⓘ
revealedProgram Boundless Informant ⓘ
Bullrun ⓘ
MUSCULAR ⓘ
PRISM ⓘ
Tempora ⓘ
linked to: TEMPORA

Upstream collection ⓘ
XKeyscore ⓘ
startTime 2013 ⓘ
June 2013 ⓘ
supportedBy civil liberties organizations ⓘ
many technology experts ⓘ
privacy advocacy groups ⓘ
timePeriod 2013–2014 ⓘ
triggeredEvent global debate on privacy and surveillance ⓘ
legal challenges to NSA surveillance programs ⓘ
reforms of U.S. surveillance law ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (1)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.