AWAKE Run 1 experiments
E441623
AWAKE Run 1 experiments are the initial proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration studies conducted at CERN to demonstrate the feasibility of using proton beams to accelerate electrons to high energies over short distances.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| AWAKE Run 1 | 1 |
| AWAKE Run 1 experiments canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4468503 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: AWAKE Run 1 experiments Context triple: [CERN AWAKE experiment beamline, hosts, AWAKE Run 1 experiments]
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A.
Awake!
Awake! is a religious magazine published by Jehovah’s Witnesses that focuses on applying Bible-based perspectives to contemporary social, moral, and personal issues.
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B.
RUN
RUN is the National Rail station code assigned to Runcorn railway station in Cheshire, England.
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C.
BASE experiment
The BASE experiment is a high-precision physics experiment at CERN that measures the properties of protons and antiprotons to test fundamental symmetries such as CPT invariance.
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D.
UA1 experiment
The UA1 experiment was a high-energy physics collaboration at CERN’s Super Proton Synchrotron that became famous for providing the first experimental evidence of the W and Z bosons, key carriers of the weak nuclear force.
-
E.
Run Devil Run
Run Devil Run is a 1999 Paul McCartney rock and roll album featuring mostly covers of 1950s rock classics, recorded as a raw, back-to-basics tribute to his early musical influences.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: AWAKE Run 1 experiments Target entity description: AWAKE Run 1 experiments are the initial proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration studies conducted at CERN to demonstrate the feasibility of using proton beams to accelerate electrons to high energies over short distances.
-
A.
Awake!
Awake! is a religious magazine published by Jehovah’s Witnesses that focuses on applying Bible-based perspectives to contemporary social, moral, and personal issues.
-
B.
RUN
RUN is the National Rail station code assigned to Runcorn railway station in Cheshire, England.
-
C.
BASE experiment
The BASE experiment is a high-precision physics experiment at CERN that measures the properties of protons and antiprotons to test fundamental symmetries such as CPT invariance.
-
D.
UA1 experiment
The UA1 experiment was a high-energy physics collaboration at CERN’s Super Proton Synchrotron that became famous for providing the first experimental evidence of the W and Z bosons, key carriers of the weak nuclear force.
-
E.
Run Devil Run
Run Devil Run is a 1999 Paul McCartney rock and roll album featuring mostly covers of 1950s rock classics, recorded as a raw, back-to-basics tribute to his early musical influences.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (44)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
CERN accelerator physics experiment
ⓘ
proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration experiment series ⓘ |
| accelerationDistance | 10 m ⓘ |
| achievedElectronEnergy | on the order of 2 GeV ⓘ |
| application |
compact high-energy electron accelerators
ⓘ
future high-energy electron–proton colliders ⓘ |
| beamSource |
CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS)
ⓘ
linked to:
Super Proton Synchrotron
|
| conductedAt |
CERN
ⓘ
Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) ⓘ
linked to:
Super Proton Synchrotron
|
| country | Switzerland ⓘ |
| demonstrated |
acceleration of externally injected electrons to high energies over short distances
ⓘ
formation of microbunches in the proton beam ⓘ proton-driven plasma wakefields suitable for electron acceleration ⓘ self-modulation of a long proton bunch in plasma ⓘ |
| demonstratedGradient | on the order of GV/m ⓘ |
| endTime | 2018 ⓘ |
| field |
accelerator physics
ⓘ
particle physics ⓘ plasma physics ⓘ |
| hasCollaboration | international collaboration of institutes and universities ⓘ |
| hasGoal |
accelerate externally injected electrons in a proton-driven wakefield
ⓘ
demonstrate proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration ⓘ demonstrate strong modulation of a long proton bunch in plasma ⓘ |
| involves |
external electron injector
ⓘ
synchronized laser and proton beams ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
CERN Neutrinos to Gran Sasso (CNGS) tunnel
ⓘ
linked to:
CERN accelerator complex
|
| partOf | AWAKE experiment ⓘ |
| plasmaCellLength | 10 m ⓘ |
| plasmaDensity | order of 10^14–10^15 electrons per cubic centimeter ⓘ |
| precedes | AWAKE Run 2 experiments ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
advanced accelerator concepts
ⓘ
beam–plasma interactions ⓘ plasma wakefield acceleration ⓘ |
| significance | first experimental demonstration of proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration ⓘ |
| sponsor | CERN ⓘ |
| startTime | 2016 ⓘ |
| status | completed ⓘ |
| testsConcept | use of high-energy proton beams as drivers for plasma wakefields ⓘ |
| usesBeam | 400 GeV proton beam ⓘ |
| usesConcept | self-modulation instability of proton bunches ⓘ |
| usesFacility |
CERN Proton Synchrotron complex
ⓘ
linked to:
Proton Synchrotron
|
| usesLaser | ionizing laser pulse to create plasma ⓘ |
| usesMedium | plasma ⓘ |
| usesPlasmaSource | rubidium vapor plasma source ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: AWAKE Run 1 experiments Description of subject: AWAKE Run 1 experiments are the initial proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration studies conducted at CERN to demonstrate the feasibility of using proton beams to accelerate electrons to high energies over short distances.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: AWAKE Run 1 experiments