Dow Theory
E433917
Dow Theory is a foundational framework of technical analysis that interprets stock market trends and price movements to gauge the overall direction and health of the market.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Dow Theory canonical | 4 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4342387 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dow Theory Context triple: [Charles Dow, developed, Dow Theory]
-
A.
Elliott Wave
Elliott Wave is a form of technical analysis that interprets financial market price movements as recurring wave patterns driven by investor psychology.
-
B.
Dow Jones Indices
Dow Jones Indices is a major global index provider best known for creating and maintaining benchmark stock market indices such as the Dow Jones Industrial Average and numerous sector and thematic indices.
-
C.
efficient market hypothesis
The efficient market hypothesis is a financial theory asserting that asset prices fully and immediately reflect all available information, making it impossible to consistently achieve returns above the market average through information-based trading.
-
D.
Dow Jones Industrial Average
The Dow Jones Industrial Average is a major U.S. stock market index that tracks the performance of 30 large, publicly traded blue-chip companies.
-
E.
Black–Scholes model
The Black–Scholes model is a fundamental mathematical framework in financial economics for pricing options and other derivatives by modeling asset prices as stochastic processes.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dow Theory Target entity description: Dow Theory is a foundational framework of technical analysis that interprets stock market trends and price movements to gauge the overall direction and health of the market.
-
A.
Elliott Wave
Elliott Wave is a form of technical analysis that interprets financial market price movements as recurring wave patterns driven by investor psychology.
-
B.
Dow Jones Indices
Dow Jones Indices is a major global index provider best known for creating and maintaining benchmark stock market indices such as the Dow Jones Industrial Average and numerous sector and thematic indices.
-
C.
efficient market hypothesis
The efficient market hypothesis is a financial theory asserting that asset prices fully and immediately reflect all available information, making it impossible to consistently achieve returns above the market average through information-based trading.
-
D.
Dow Jones Industrial Average
The Dow Jones Industrial Average is a major U.S. stock market index that tracks the performance of 30 large, publicly traded blue-chip companies.
-
E.
Black–Scholes model
The Black–Scholes model is a fundamental mathematical framework in financial economics for pricing options and other derivatives by modeling asset prices as stochastic processes.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
financial market theory
ⓘ
stock market theory ⓘ technical analysis framework ⓘ |
| application |
gauging overall market health
ⓘ
identifying major bull and bear markets ⓘ timing entry and exit in equity markets ⓘ |
| assumption |
closing prices are more important than intraday prices
ⓘ
indices must confirm each other to validate a trend ⓘ markets move in trends rather than random walks over meaningful horizons ⓘ volume should expand in the direction of the primary trend ⓘ |
| basedOnWorkOf |
Charles H. Dow
ⓘ
linked to:
Charles Dow
|
| coreConcept |
existence of primary, secondary, and minor trends
ⓘ
importance of volume in confirming price moves ⓘ market discounts all available information ⓘ trend confirmation by multiple indices ⓘ trends persist until clear reversal signals appear ⓘ |
| developedFrom | editorials in The Wall Street Journal ⓘ |
| field |
finance
ⓘ
stock market analysis ⓘ technical analysis ⓘ |
| furtherDevelopedBy |
George Schaefer
ⓘ
Robert Rhea ⓘ William Peter Hamilton ⓘ |
| influenced |
index confirmation techniques
ⓘ
market breadth analysis ⓘ modern technical analysis ⓘ trend-following investment strategies ⓘ |
| marketPhase |
accumulation phase
ⓘ
distribution phase ⓘ public participation phase ⓘ |
| minorTrendAlsoCalled | short-term trend ⓘ |
| minorTrendTypicalDuration | less than three weeks ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Charles H. Dow
ⓘ
linked to:
Charles Dow
|
| originPeriod | late 19th century ⓘ |
| primaryTrendType |
bear market
ⓘ
bull market ⓘ |
| primaryTrendTypicalDuration | more than one year ⓘ |
| publishedIn | The Wall Street Journal ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
efficient market hypothesis
ⓘ
market sentiment analysis ⓘ trend-following ⓘ |
| secondaryTrendAlsoCalled | intermediate trend ⓘ |
| secondaryTrendTypicalDuration | three weeks to three months ⓘ |
| trendClassification |
minor trend
ⓘ
primary trend ⓘ secondary trend ⓘ |
| usesIndex |
Dow Jones Industrial Average
ⓘ
Dow Jones Transportation Average ⓘ |
| viewOnSidewaysMovements | considered secondary reactions or consolidations within primary trends ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Dow Theory Description of subject: Dow Theory is a foundational framework of technical analysis that interprets stock market trends and price movements to gauge the overall direction and health of the market.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.