Pauling electronegativity scale

E4115

The Pauling electronegativity scale is a quantitative system devised by Linus Pauling to compare the tendency of atoms to attract electrons in chemical bonds.

AI illustration

How this image was made

AI-generated illustration of Pauling electronegativity scale

This AI-generated illustration was produced by black-forest-labs/FLUX.2-dev (1024x1024) from a prompt written by openai/gpt-oss-120b from the entity's label + description.

Prompt

Generate an image of the Pauling electronegativity scale (The Pauling electronegativity scale is a quantitative system devised by Linus Pauling to compare the tendency of atoms to attract electrons in chemical bonds.)

All labels observed (1)

Label Occurrences
Pauling electronegativity scale canonical 10

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (47)

Predicate Object
instanceOf chemical property scale ⓘ
electronegativity scale ⓘ
appearsIn The Nature of the Chemical Bond ⓘ
appliesTo atoms in molecules ⓘ
elements ⓘ
assumes covalent bond energy additivity with ionic contribution ⓘ
basedOn bond energy differences ⓘ
cesiumValueApprox 0.79 ⓘ
chlorineValueApprox 3.16 ⓘ
correlatesWith bond polarity ⓘ
ionic character of bonds ⓘ
creator Linus Pauling ⓘ
definedFrom heteronuclear bond energies ⓘ
homonuclear bond energies ⓘ
describes tendency of atoms to attract electrons in chemical bonds ⓘ
developedAt California Institute of Technology ⓘ
fluorineValue 3.98 ⓘ
hasUnit dimensionless ⓘ
highestElement fluorine ⓘ
hydrogenValueApprox 2.20 ⓘ
introducedIn 1932 ⓘ
isMostCommonElectronegativityScale true ⓘ
lowestElementApprox cesium ⓘ
francium ⓘ
mathematicalForm difference proportional to square root of extra bond energy ⓘ
namedAfter Linus Pauling ⓘ
originalFluorineValue 4.0 ⓘ
oxygenValueApprox 3.44 ⓘ
rangeApprox 0.7 to 4.0 ⓘ
referenceElement fluorine ⓘ
relatedTo Allen electronegativity scale ⓘ
Allred–Rochow electronegativity scale ⓘ
Mulliken electronegativity scale ⓘ
sodiumValueApprox 0.93 ⓘ
status standard textbook scale for electronegativity ⓘ
symbolForElectronegativity χ ⓘ
trendAcrossPeriod generally increases left to right ⓘ
trendDownGroup generally decreases down a group ⓘ
usedIn chemistry ⓘ
inorganic chemistry ⓘ
materials science ⓘ
organic chemistry ⓘ
periodic trends analysis ⓘ
usedToEstimate bond energy differences ⓘ
bond polarity ⓘ
usedToPredict bond type ⓘ
ionic versus covalent character ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (10)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Linus Pauling → knownFor → Pauling electronegativity scale ⓘ
General Chemistry → usesConcept → Pauling electronegativity scale ⓘ
Mulliken electronegativity scale → relatedTo → Pauling electronegativity scale ⓘ
Allred–Rochow electronegativity scale → comparedTo → Pauling electronegativity scale ⓘ
Allred–Rochow electronegativity scale → alternativeTo → Pauling electronegativity scale ⓘ
Allen electronegativity scale → comparedTo → Pauling electronegativity scale ⓘ
Allen electronegativity scale → hasAdvantageOver → Pauling electronegativity scale ⓘ
Allen electronegativity scale → isAlternativeTo → Pauling electronegativity scale ⓘ
Sanderson electronegativity scale → comparedTo → Pauling electronegativity scale ⓘ
Sanderson electronegativity scale → alternativeTo → Pauling electronegativity scale ⓘ