surface-wave magnitude scale
E376756
The surface-wave magnitude scale is a seismic measurement system that estimates earthquake size using the amplitude of long-period surface waves recorded on seismograms.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| surface-wave magnitude scale canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3644680 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: surface-wave magnitude scale Context triple: [moment magnitude scale, comparedWith, surface-wave magnitude scale]
-
A.
moment magnitude scale
The moment magnitude scale is a modern logarithmic measure of earthquake size that estimates the total energy released, providing more accurate and consistent results than older magnitude scales for large events.
-
B.
Richter magnitude scale
The Richter magnitude scale is a logarithmic scale used to quantify the amount of seismic energy released by an earthquake based on instrumental measurements.
-
C.
Rayleigh waves
Rayleigh waves are a type of surface seismic wave that travel along the ground with a rolling motion, causing both vertical and horizontal ground displacement.
-
D.
Modified Mercalli intensity scale
The Modified Mercalli intensity scale is a seismic scale that qualitatively measures the observed effects and damage of an earthquake on people, structures, and the Earth's surface.
-
E.
Wood–Anderson torsion seismometer
The Wood–Anderson torsion seismometer is an early 20th-century mechanical seismograph designed to measure local earthquake ground motion with high sensitivity, forming the instrumental basis for the original Richter magnitude scale.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: surface-wave magnitude scale Target entity description: The surface-wave magnitude scale is a seismic measurement system that estimates earthquake size using the amplitude of long-period surface waves recorded on seismograms.
-
A.
moment magnitude scale
The moment magnitude scale is a modern logarithmic measure of earthquake size that estimates the total energy released, providing more accurate and consistent results than older magnitude scales for large events.
-
B.
Richter magnitude scale
The Richter magnitude scale is a logarithmic scale used to quantify the amount of seismic energy released by an earthquake based on instrumental measurements.
-
C.
Rayleigh waves
Rayleigh waves are a type of surface seismic wave that travel along the ground with a rolling motion, causing both vertical and horizontal ground displacement.
-
D.
Modified Mercalli intensity scale
The Modified Mercalli intensity scale is a seismic scale that qualitatively measures the observed effects and damage of an earthquake on people, structures, and the Earth's surface.
-
E.
Elementary Seismology
"Elementary Seismology" is a foundational textbook on the principles and methods of studying earthquakes and seismic waves, authored by pioneering seismologist Charles Francis Richter.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (37)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
earthquake magnitude scale
ⓘ
seismic magnitude scale ⓘ |
| appliesTo | teleseismic earthquakes ⓘ |
| basedOn |
amplitude of seismic surface waves
ⓘ
long-period surface waves ⓘ |
| calibratedFor | intermediate and large earthquakes ⓘ |
| comparedWith |
Richter magnitude scale
ⓘ
moment magnitude scale Mw ⓘ |
| developedInField | seismology ⓘ |
| domain |
earthquake monitoring
ⓘ
global seismology ⓘ |
| hasAbbreviation | Ms ⓘ |
| hasLimitation |
less reliable for small shallow local events
ⓘ
saturates for very large earthquakes ⓘ |
| hasQuantityKind | logarithmic magnitude ⓘ |
| involvesCorrection |
epicentral distance
ⓘ
instrument response ⓘ wave dispersion ⓘ |
| involvesMeasurement | maximum ground displacement of surface waves ⓘ |
| measures | earthquake size ⓘ |
| partOf | seismic magnitude system ⓘ |
| quantifies | earthquake magnitude ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
body-wave magnitude scale
ⓘ
local magnitude scale ⓘ moment magnitude scale ⓘ |
| requires | calibrated seismographs ⓘ |
| stillUsedFor | characterizing large shallow earthquakes ⓘ |
| symbol | Ms ⓘ |
| typeOf | surface-wave-based magnitude scale ⓘ |
| usedBy | seismologists ⓘ |
| usedFor |
estimating earthquake energy release
ⓘ
rapid characterization of large distant earthquakes ⓘ |
| usedHistoricallyFor | global earthquake catalogs ⓘ |
| usesDataFrom | seismograms ⓘ |
| usesPeriodRange | approximately 20-second surface waves ⓘ |
| usesUnit | dimensionless magnitude units ⓘ |
| usesWaveType | Rayleigh waves ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: surface-wave magnitude scale Description of subject: The surface-wave magnitude scale is a seismic measurement system that estimates earthquake size using the amplitude of long-period surface waves recorded on seismograms.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.