London
E370827
London is a major Ethereum network upgrade that introduced significant changes to the protocol’s fee market and transaction pricing mechanisms.
All labels observed (5)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| London canonical | 21 |
| London, Paris, New York | 1 |
| Λονδίνο | 1 |
| Лондон | 1 |
| 런던 | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3524642 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: London Context triple: [Ethereum blockchain, networkUpgrade, London]
-
A.
London, England
London, England is the capital and largest city of the United Kingdom, renowned as a global center for finance, culture, and politics.
-
B.
Allondon
Allondon is a small river in western Switzerland and neighboring France, known for flowing through the Geneva region and its natural, relatively unspoiled surroundings.
-
C.
York, England
York, England is a historic walled city in northern England renowned for its medieval architecture, including York Minster, and its rich Roman and Viking heritage.
-
D.
Λούγδουνον
Λούγδουνον is the ancient Greek name for Lugdunum, the major Roman city that developed into modern-day Lyon in France.
-
E.
London Victoria
London Victoria is a major central London railway terminus and Underground station, serving as a key hub for commuter, regional, and Gatwick Airport services.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: London Target entity description: London is a major Ethereum network upgrade that introduced significant changes to the protocol’s fee market and transaction pricing mechanisms.
-
A.
London, England
London, England is the capital and largest city of the United Kingdom, renowned as a global center for finance, culture, and politics.
-
B.
Allondon
Allondon is a small river in western Switzerland and neighboring France, known for flowing through the Geneva region and its natural, relatively unspoiled surroundings.
-
C.
York, England
York, England is a historic walled city in northern England renowned for its medieval architecture, including York Minster, and its rich Roman and Viking heritage.
-
D.
Λούγδουνον
Λούγδουνον is the ancient Greek name for Lugdunum, the major Roman city that developed into modern-day Lyon in France.
-
E.
London Victoria
London Victoria is a major central London railway terminus and Underground station, serving as a key hub for commuter, regional, and Gatwick Airport services.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Ethereum network upgrade
ⓘ
hard fork ⓘ |
| activationBlock | 12965000 ⓘ |
| activationDate | 2021-08-05 ⓘ |
| activationNetwork |
Ethereum mainnet
ⓘ
linked to:
Ethereum blockchain
|
| affects |
gas fees
ⓘ
transaction fee calculation ⓘ |
| aimsTo |
improve user experience for fee estimation
ⓘ
make transaction fees more predictable ⓘ reduce fee volatility ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | London hard fork ⓘ |
| burns | base fee ⓘ |
| category |
Ethereum protocol upgrade
ⓘ
linked to:
Ethereum hard fork
|
| clientImplementation |
Besu
ⓘ
Erigon ⓘ Geth ⓘ Nethermind ⓘ OpenEthereum ⓘ |
| followedBy | Arrow Glacier ⓘ |
| governedBy | Ethereum governance process ⓘ |
| impacts |
ETH issuance net of burns
ⓘ
miner revenue structure ⓘ |
| implements | dynamic base fee adjustment ⓘ |
| includesEthereumImprovementProposal |
EIP-1559
ⓘ
EIP-3198 ⓘ EIP-3529 ⓘ EIP-3541 ⓘ EIP-3554 ⓘ |
| introducedChangeTo |
fee market
ⓘ
transaction pricing mechanisms ⓘ |
| introducedConcept |
base fee per gas
ⓘ
elastic block size ⓘ fee burning mechanism ⓘ priority fee (tip) ⓘ |
| introducedTransactionType | EIP-1559-style transaction ⓘ |
| language | Ethereum Yellow Paper specification updates ⓘ |
| network |
Ethereum
ⓘ
linked to:
Ethereum blockchain
|
| networkScope | mainnet and testnets ⓘ |
| partOf |
Ethereum mainnet
ⓘ
linked to:
Ethereum blockchain
|
| precededBy | Berlin ⓘ |
| proposedIn | Ethereum Improvement Proposals ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Ethereum monetary policy
ⓘ
Ethereum scalability roadmap ⓘ |
| replacedMechanism | first-price gas auction ⓘ |
| supports | type-2 transactions ⓘ |
| testnetDeployment |
Goerli
ⓘ
linked to:
Ethereum Goerli testnet
Rinkeby ⓘ
linked to:
Ethereum testnets
Ropsten ⓘ
linked to:
Ethereum testnets
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: London Description of subject: London is a major Ethereum network upgrade that introduced significant changes to the protocol’s fee market and transaction pricing mechanisms.
Referenced by (25)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject linked to:
Release (Pet Shop Boys album)
subject linked to:
Release (Pet Shop Boys album)
linked to: London
linked to: London
linked to: London