Treaty of Chester (1157)
E355675
The Treaty of Chester (1157) was an agreement in which the young Scottish king Malcolm IV surrendered previously held northern English territories to King Henry II of England, redefining the Anglo-Scottish border and feudal relations.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Treaty of Chester (1157) canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3415345 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Treaty of Chester (1157) Context triple: [Malcolm IV of Scotland, treatyConcluded, Treaty of Chester (1157)]
-
A.
Treaty of Wallingford
The Treaty of Wallingford was a 1153 agreement that ended the civil war in England between supporters of King Stephen and Empress Matilda by recognizing Stephen as king while naming Matilda’s son Henry (the future Henry II) as his heir.
-
B.
Treaty of Wedmore
The Treaty of Wedmore was the late 9th-century agreement between Alfred the Great and Viking leader Guthrum that effectively ended major Viking incursions into Wessex and laid the groundwork for the Danelaw in England.
-
C.
Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton
The Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton was a 1328 peace agreement between England and Scotland in which England formally recognized Scottish independence under King Robert the Bruce.
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D.
Treaty of Berwick (1639)
The Treaty of Berwick (1639) was the agreement that ended the First Bishops' War between Charles I of England and the Scottish Covenanters, temporarily halting hostilities over church governance.
-
E.
Treaty of Dover (1670)
The Treaty of Dover (1670) was a secret agreement between England’s Charles II and France’s Louis XIV in which Charles pledged support for French policies (including war against the Dutch and a covert move toward Catholicism) in exchange for substantial subsidies.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Treaty of Chester (1157) Target entity description: The Treaty of Chester (1157) was an agreement in which the young Scottish king Malcolm IV surrendered previously held northern English territories to King Henry II of England, redefining the Anglo-Scottish border and feudal relations.
-
A.
Treaty of Wallingford
The Treaty of Wallingford was a 1153 agreement that ended the civil war in England between supporters of King Stephen and Empress Matilda by recognizing Stephen as king while naming Matilda’s son Henry (the future Henry II) as his heir.
-
B.
Treaty of Wedmore
The Treaty of Wedmore was the late 9th-century agreement between Alfred the Great and Viking leader Guthrum that effectively ended major Viking incursions into Wessex and laid the groundwork for the Danelaw in England.
-
C.
Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton
The Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton was a 1328 peace agreement between England and Scotland in which England formally recognized Scottish independence under King Robert the Bruce.
-
D.
Treaty of Berwick (1639)
The Treaty of Berwick (1639) was the agreement that ended the First Bishops' War between Charles I of England and the Scottish Covenanters, temporarily halting hostilities over church governance.
-
E.
Treaty of Dover (1670)
The Treaty of Dover (1670) was a secret agreement between England’s Charles II and France’s Louis XIV in which Charles pledged support for French policies (including war against the Dutch and a covert move toward Catholicism) in exchange for substantial subsidies.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (44)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Anglo-Scottish treaty
ⓘ
historical event ⓘ medieval treaty ⓘ |
| aim |
to restore English royal control over northern counties
ⓘ
to secure Malcolm IV’s homage to Henry II ⓘ |
| category |
1150s treaties
ⓘ
1157 in England ⓘ 12th-century treaties ⓘ Treaties involving England ⓘ Treaties involving Scotland ⓘ |
| chronologyWithinReign |
early reign of Henry II of England
ⓘ
early reign of Malcolm IV of Scotland ⓘ |
| consequence |
reduction of direct Scottish control south of the traditional border
ⓘ
strengthening of Henry II’s authority in northern England ⓘ |
| countryInvolved |
Kingdom of England
ⓘ
Kingdom of Scotland ⓘ |
| date | 1157 ⓘ |
| follows | Scottish occupation of northern English territories during the reign of Stephen of England ⓘ |
| genre | diplomatic treaty ⓘ |
| hasTopic |
homage and fealty
ⓘ
territorial sovereignty ⓘ vassalage of the Scottish king to the English king ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod | 12th century ⓘ |
| languageOfWork | Latin ⓘ |
| legalForm | feudal agreement ⓘ |
| mainSubject |
Anglo-Scottish border
ⓘ
feudal relations between England and Scotland ⓘ |
| participant |
Henry II of England
ⓘ
Malcolm IV of Scotland ⓘ |
| partOf | Anglo-Scottish relations in the High Middle Ages ⓘ |
| placeSigned | Chester ⓘ |
| relatedConflict |
Anglo-Scottish wars of the 12th century
ⓘ
linked to:
Anglo-Scottish Wars
|
| relatedEvent |
Treaty of Falaise (1174)
ⓘ
linked to:
Treaty of Falaise
|
| result |
confirmation of Henry II’s overlordship claims over Malcolm IV
ⓘ
redefinition of the Anglo-Scottish border ⓘ surrender of northern English territories held by the Scottish king ⓘ |
| signatory |
Henry II of England
ⓘ
Malcolm IV of Scotland ⓘ |
| signedUnderMonarch |
Henry II of England
ⓘ
Malcolm IV of Scotland ⓘ |
| territoryInvolved |
Carlisle region
ⓘ
Cumberland ⓘ Northumbria ⓘ Westmorland ⓘ
linked to:
Westmorland, England
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Treaty of Chester (1157) Description of subject: The Treaty of Chester (1157) was an agreement in which the young Scottish king Malcolm IV surrendered previously held northern English territories to King Henry II of England, redefining the Anglo-Scottish border and feudal relations.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.