siege of Oxford (1142)
E350339
The siege of Oxford (1142) was a key episode in the civil war known as The Anarchy, when King Stephen besieged Empress Matilda in Oxford Castle, leading to her famous escape across the snow.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| siege of Oxford (1142) canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3345623 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: siege of Oxford (1142) Context triple: [The Anarchy, notableBattle, siege of Oxford (1142)]
-
A.
Siege of Oxford
The Siege of Oxford was a key Parliamentarian blockade of the Royalist capital during the English Civil War, aiming to force King Charles I’s surrender.
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B.
siege of Rochester Castle
The siege of Rochester Castle was a pivotal 1215–1216 conflict in which rebel barons defending the strategically vital fortress were besieged by King John during the First Barons’ War.
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C.
Siege of Kenilworth
The Siege of Kenilworth was a prolonged 1266 royalist siege of the rebel-held Kenilworth Castle in Warwickshire, England, and one of the largest and most decisive military operations of the Second Barons' War.
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D.
Battle of Lewes
The Battle of Lewes was a pivotal 1264 conflict in the Second Barons' War in which Simon de Montfort’s rebel forces defeated King Henry III, leading to a brief period of baronial rule in England.
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E.
Siege of Berwick (1333)
The Siege of Berwick (1333) was a major early conflict in the Second War of Scottish Independence, in which English forces besieged the key border town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, leading directly to the decisive Battle of Halidon Hill.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: siege of Oxford (1142) Target entity description: The siege of Oxford (1142) was a key episode in the civil war known as The Anarchy, when King Stephen besieged Empress Matilda in Oxford Castle, leading to her famous escape across the snow.
-
A.
Siege of Oxford
The Siege of Oxford was a key Parliamentarian blockade of the Royalist capital during the English Civil War, aiming to force King Charles I’s surrender.
-
B.
siege of Rochester Castle
The siege of Rochester Castle was a pivotal 1215–1216 conflict in which rebel barons defending the strategically vital fortress were besieged by King John during the First Barons’ War.
-
C.
Siege of Kenilworth
The Siege of Kenilworth was a prolonged 1266 royalist siege of the rebel-held Kenilworth Castle in Warwickshire, England, and one of the largest and most decisive military operations of the Second Barons' War.
-
D.
Battle of Lewes
The Battle of Lewes was a pivotal 1264 conflict in the Second Barons' War in which Simon de Montfort’s rebel forces defeated King Henry III, leading to a brief period of baronial rule in England.
-
E.
Siege of Berwick (1333)
The Siege of Berwick (1333) was a major early conflict in the Second War of Scottish Independence, in which English forces besieged the key border town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, leading directly to the decisive Battle of Halidon Hill.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (35)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
military engagement
ⓘ
siege ⓘ |
| aimOfAttacker | to capture Empress Matilda ⓘ |
| chronologicalOrder | later phase of The Anarchy ⓘ |
| commandedBy |
King Stephen of England
ⓘ
linked to:
King Stephen
|
| conflict | The Anarchy ⓘ |
| conflictType | medieval siege ⓘ |
| country | Kingdom of England ⓘ |
| defendedBy |
Empress Matilda
ⓘ
Matilda’s Angevin supporters ⓘ |
| era | 12th century ⓘ |
| followed |
Battle of Lincoln (1141)
ⓘ
Empress Matilda’s retreat to Oxford ⓘ |
| hasContext |
rival claims of Stephen and Matilda to the English throne
ⓘ
succession crisis after the death of Henry I of England ⓘ |
| hasEffect |
Empress Matilda escaped and avoided capture
ⓘ
linked to:
Empress Matilda
|
| hasEndTime | 1142 ⓘ |
| hasLocation |
Oxford
ⓘ
Oxford Castle ⓘ |
| hasParticipant |
Empress Matilda
ⓘ
King Stephen of England ⓘ
linked to:
King Stephen
|
| hasResult |
capture of Oxford by King Stephen
ⓘ
royalist victory ⓘ |
| hasStartTime | 1142 ⓘ |
| notableFor |
Empress Matilda’s escape across the snow
ⓘ
use of winter conditions to aid escape ⓘ |
| opponent |
forces loyal to Empress Matilda
ⓘ
forces loyal to King Stephen ⓘ |
| outcomeForMatilda | successful escape to Wallingford ⓘ |
| partOf |
civil war between Stephen and Matilda
ⓘ
struggle for the English crown between Stephen and Matilda ⓘ |
| pointInTime | 1142 ⓘ |
| relatedWork | chronicler accounts by William of Malmesbury ⓘ |
| strategicSignificance |
consolidated Stephen’s control over central England
ⓘ
failed to end Matilda’s claim to the throne ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: siege of Oxford (1142) Description of subject: The siege of Oxford (1142) was a key episode in the civil war known as The Anarchy, when King Stephen besieged Empress Matilda in Oxford Castle, leading to her famous escape across the snow.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject linked to:
The Anarchy (English civil war)