Battle of Penobscot Bay
E348813
The Battle of Penobscot Bay was a 1779 American Revolutionary War naval and land engagement in present-day Maine, where a failed American expedition against a British fortification led to one of the worst naval defeats in United States history.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Battle of Penobscot Bay canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3317382 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Penobscot Bay Context triple: [Atlantic campaign of the American Revolutionary War, hasPart, Battle of Penobscot Bay]
-
A.
Battle of Valcour Island
The Battle of Valcour Island was a 1776 naval engagement on Lake Champlain during the American Revolutionary War, where a small American fleet under Benedict Arnold delayed a larger British force and helped prevent an immediate British advance from Canada.
-
B.
Battle of the Restigouche
The Battle of the Restigouche was a 1760 naval engagement between French and British forces on the Restigouche River in present-day Canada, marking the last major French attempt to resupply New France during the Seven Years' War.
-
C.
Battle of Pell's Point
The Battle of Pell's Point was a 1776 American Revolutionary War engagement in which Continental forces conducted a delaying action against British troops advancing on New York, helping George Washington's army avoid encirclement.
-
D.
Battle of Fort Anne
The Battle of Fort Anne was a 1777 American Revolutionary War engagement in New York in which retreating American forces briefly checked the British advance following the fall of Fort Ticonderoga.
-
E.
Battle of Chelsea Creek
The Battle of Chelsea Creek was an early American Revolutionary War engagement near Boston in May 1775, notable for a colonial victory that destroyed the British schooner Diana and helped secure vital livestock and supplies for the Continental forces.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Penobscot Bay Target entity description: The Battle of Penobscot Bay was a 1779 American Revolutionary War naval and land engagement in present-day Maine, where a failed American expedition against a British fortification led to one of the worst naval defeats in United States history.
-
A.
Battle of Valcour Island
The Battle of Valcour Island was a 1776 naval engagement on Lake Champlain during the American Revolutionary War, where a small American fleet under Benedict Arnold delayed a larger British force and helped prevent an immediate British advance from Canada.
-
B.
Battle of the Restigouche
The Battle of the Restigouche was a 1760 naval engagement between French and British forces on the Restigouche River in present-day Canada, marking the last major French attempt to resupply New France during the Seven Years' War.
-
C.
Battle of Pell's Point
The Battle of Pell's Point was a 1776 American Revolutionary War engagement in which Continental forces conducted a delaying action against British troops advancing on New York, helping George Washington's army avoid encirclement.
-
D.
Battle of Fort Anne
The Battle of Fort Anne was a 1777 American Revolutionary War engagement in New York in which retreating American forces briefly checked the British advance following the fall of Fort Ticonderoga.
-
E.
Battle of Chelsea Creek
The Battle of Chelsea Creek was an early American Revolutionary War engagement near Boston in May 1775, notable for a colonial victory that destroyed the British schooner Diana and helped secure vital livestock and supplies for the Continental forces.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
American Revolutionary War battle
ⓘ
battle ⓘ land battle ⓘ naval battle ⓘ |
| combatType |
amphibious operation
ⓘ
naval blockade attempt ⓘ siege ⓘ |
| conflict | American Revolutionary War ⓘ |
| countryAtTime | Province of Massachusetts Bay ⓘ |
| date | 1779 ⓘ |
| describedAs | disastrous American naval expedition ⓘ |
| geographicalFeature | bay ⓘ |
| hasCause | British establishment of a fort and base in Penobscot Bay ⓘ |
| hasConsequence |
continued British presence in the area
ⓘ
heavy American naval losses ⓘ loss of American ships ⓘ |
| hasPart |
land engagement
ⓘ
naval engagement ⓘ |
| hasParticipant |
British Army
ⓘ
Continental Navy ⓘ Great Britain ⓘ Loyalist forces ⓘ Massachusetts State Navy ⓘ
linked to:
Massachusetts naval militia
Massachusetts militia ⓘ
linked to:
Massachusetts Bay Colony militia
Royal Navy ⓘ Thirteen Colonies ⓘ United States ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| historicalEra | Age of Sail ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod | 18th century ⓘ |
| location |
Maine
ⓘ
New England ⓘ Penobscot Bay ⓘ |
| militaryBranchInvolved |
land forces
ⓘ
naval forces ⓘ |
| militaryTheater | North American Atlantic coast ⓘ |
| notableFor | one of the worst naval defeats in United States history ⓘ |
| objectiveOfSide1 | capture British fortification ⓘ |
| objectiveOfSide2 | defend British fortification ⓘ |
| outcome | failed American expedition ⓘ |
| partOf | Northern theater of the American Revolutionary War ⓘ |
| presentDayLocation |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
state of Maine ⓘ
linked to:
Maine
|
| region | Downeast Maine ⓘ |
| result | British victory ⓘ |
| side1 | American forces ⓘ |
| side2 | British forces ⓘ |
| strategicSignificance |
British foothold in eastern Maine
ⓘ
control of Penobscot Bay region ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Battle of Penobscot Bay Description of subject: The Battle of Penobscot Bay was a 1779 American Revolutionary War naval and land engagement in present-day Maine, where a failed American expedition against a British fortification led to one of the worst naval defeats in United States history.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.