Luna 20
E322725
Luna 20 was a Soviet robotic lunar sample-return mission that successfully collected and returned soil from the Moon’s surface in 1972.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Luna 20 canonical | 8 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2780020 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Luna 20 Context triple: [Luna program launch vehicles, notableMission, Luna 20]
-
A.
Luna 17
Luna 17 was a Soviet lunar mission launched in 1970 that successfully delivered the Lunokhod 1 rover to the Moon, achieving the first remote-controlled rover operation on another celestial body.
-
B.
Luna 11
Luna 11 was a Soviet unmanned spacecraft from the Luna program, launched in 1966 to study the Moon from lunar orbit.
-
C.
Luna 16
Luna 16 was a Soviet robotic spacecraft that achieved the first successful uncrewed lunar sample return mission from the Moon to Earth in 1970.
-
D.
Luna 10
Luna 10 was a Soviet spacecraft that became the first artificial satellite to orbit the Moon, marking a major milestone in early lunar exploration.
-
E.
Luna spacecraft
The Luna spacecraft were a series of Soviet robotic probes launched between the late 1950s and 1970s that achieved many lunar exploration firsts, including the first human-made object to reach the Moon and the first soft landing on its surface.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Luna 20 Target entity description: Luna 20 was a Soviet robotic lunar sample-return mission that successfully collected and returned soil from the Moon’s surface in 1972.
-
A.
Luna 17
Luna 17 was a Soviet lunar mission launched in 1970 that successfully delivered the Lunokhod 1 rover to the Moon, achieving the first remote-controlled rover operation on another celestial body.
-
B.
Luna 11
Luna 11 was a Soviet unmanned spacecraft from the Luna program, launched in 1966 to study the Moon from lunar orbit.
-
C.
Luna 16
Luna 16 was a Soviet robotic spacecraft that achieved the first successful uncrewed lunar sample return mission from the Moon to Earth in 1970.
-
D.
Luna 10
Luna 10 was a Soviet spacecraft that became the first artificial satellite to orbit the Moon, marking a major milestone in early lunar exploration.
-
E.
Luna spacecraft
The Luna spacecraft were a series of Soviet robotic probes launched between the late 1950s and 1970s that achieved many lunar exploration firsts, including the first human-made object to reach the Moon and the first soft landing on its surface.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Luna programme probe
ⓘ
Soviet spacecraft ⓘ lunar sample-return mission ⓘ uncrewed spacecraft ⓘ |
| belongsToEra |
Cold War space race
ⓘ
linked to:
Space Race
|
| countryOfOrigin | Soviet Union ⓘ |
| destination |
Moon surface
ⓘ
lunar orbit ⓘ |
| drillDepth | about 25 centimeters ⓘ |
| followedBy | Luna 21 ⓘ |
| landingDate | 1972-02-21 ⓘ |
| landingHemisphere | near side of the Moon ⓘ |
| landingRegion |
Mare Fecunditatis region
ⓘ
linked to:
Mare Fecunditatis
|
| landingSite | Apollonius highlands ⓘ |
| landingYear | 1972 ⓘ |
| launchDate | 1972-02-14 ⓘ |
| launchRocketFamily | Proton ⓘ |
| launchSite |
Baikonur Cosmodrome
ⓘ
Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81 ⓘ
linked to:
Baikonur Cosmodrome
|
| launchVehicle |
Proton-K rocket
ⓘ
linked to:
Proton rocket
|
| launchYear | 1972 ⓘ |
| massAtLanding | approximately 1880 kilograms ⓘ |
| massAtLaunch | approximately 5725 kilograms ⓘ |
| missionType |
lunar sample-return
ⓘ
robotic lunar lander ⓘ |
| notableFor | second successful robotic lunar sample return by the Soviet Union ⓘ |
| objective |
collect lunar soil samples
ⓘ
return lunar samples to Earth ⓘ |
| operator | Soviet space program ⓘ |
| orbitalInsertionDate | 1972-02-18 ⓘ |
| precededBy | Luna 18 ⓘ |
| program | Luna programme ⓘ |
| reentryCapsule | sample-return capsule ⓘ |
| relatedMission |
Luna 16
ⓘ
Luna 24 ⓘ |
| returnDateToEarth | 1972-02-25 ⓘ |
| returnedSamples | lunar soil ⓘ |
| returnYearToEarth | 1972 ⓘ |
| sampleMass |
0.055 kilograms
ⓘ
55 grams ⓘ |
| scientificDiscipline |
lunar geology
ⓘ
planetary science ⓘ |
| spaceAgency | Soviet Academy of Sciences ⓘ |
| spacecraftBus |
Ye-8
ⓘ
linked to:
Luna Ye-8 series
|
| spacecraftType |
Ye-8-5
ⓘ
linked to:
Luna Ye-8 series
|
| success | true ⓘ |
| targetBody | Moon ⓘ |
| usedDrill | yes ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Luna 20 Description of subject: Luna 20 was a Soviet robotic lunar sample-return mission that successfully collected and returned soil from the Moon’s surface in 1972.
Referenced by (8)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.