Migratory Bird Treaty Act
E31509
The Migratory Bird Treaty Act is a U.S. federal law that protects migratory bird species by prohibiting their unauthorized taking, killing, or possession.
All labels observed (7)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T241459 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Migratory Bird Treaty Act Context triple: [Environment and Natural Resources Division, appliesLaw, Migratory Bird Treaty Act]
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A.
U.S. Endangered Species Act
The U.S. Endangered Species Act is a landmark federal law that provides legal protection and conservation measures for species at risk of extinction and the ecosystems on which they depend.
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B.
Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972
The Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 is a U.S. federal law that prohibits the harassment, hunting, capturing, or killing of marine mammals in American waters and by U.S. citizens, aiming to maintain healthy marine mammal populations.
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C.
Wilderness Act of 1964
The Wilderness Act of 1964 is a landmark U.S. environmental law that created the National Wilderness Preservation System to permanently protect designated federal lands in their natural, undeveloped state.
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D.
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is a global treaty that regulates and monitors international wildlife trade to ensure it does not threaten the survival of species.
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E.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is a federal agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior responsible for conserving, protecting, and enhancing fish, wildlife, plants, and their habitats.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Migratory Bird Treaty Act Target entity description: The Migratory Bird Treaty Act is a U.S. federal law that protects migratory bird species by prohibiting their unauthorized taking, killing, or possession.
-
A.
U.S. Endangered Species Act
The U.S. Endangered Species Act is a landmark federal law that provides legal protection and conservation measures for species at risk of extinction and the ecosystems on which they depend.
-
B.
Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972
The Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 is a U.S. federal law that prohibits the harassment, hunting, capturing, or killing of marine mammals in American waters and by U.S. citizens, aiming to maintain healthy marine mammal populations.
-
C.
Wilderness Act of 1964
The Wilderness Act of 1964 is a landmark U.S. environmental law that created the National Wilderness Preservation System to permanently protect designated federal lands in their natural, undeveloped state.
-
D.
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is a global treaty that regulates and monitors international wildlife trade to ensure it does not threaten the survival of species.
-
E.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is a federal agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior responsible for conserving, protecting, and enhancing fish, wildlife, plants, and their habitats.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal law
ⓘ
wildlife protection law ⓘ |
| administeredBy | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ⓘ |
| allows | permits for otherwise prohibited activities ⓘ |
| appliesTo | migratory bird species listed in federal regulations ⓘ |
| basedOnTreatyWith |
Canada
ⓘ
Japan ⓘ Mexico ⓘ Russia ⓘ |
| country |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| dateEnacted | 1918-07-03 ⓘ |
| doesNotApplyTo | non-migratory bird species not listed ⓘ |
| enactedBy | United States Congress ⓘ |
| enforcementAgency |
U.S. Department of the Interior
ⓘ
linked to:
United States Department of the Interior
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Office of Law Enforcement ⓘ
linked to:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
|
| exempts |
some depredation control activities under permit
ⓘ
some hunting activities under regulation ⓘ |
| hasAmendment | Migratory Bird Treaty Reform Act of 2004 ⓘ |
| hasControversy | application to incidental take by industrial activities ⓘ |
| hasSection |
Section 703
ⓘ
Section 704 ⓘ Section 707 ⓘ |
| language | English ⓘ |
| legalArea |
environmental law
ⓘ
wildlife law ⓘ |
| legalCitation | 16 U.S.C. §§ 703–712 ⓘ |
| penaltyType |
civil penalties
ⓘ
criminal penalties ⓘ |
| prohibits |
unauthorized barter of migratory birds
ⓘ
unauthorized export of migratory birds ⓘ unauthorized killing of migratory birds ⓘ unauthorized possession of migratory birds ⓘ unauthorized purchase of migratory birds ⓘ unauthorized sale of migratory birds ⓘ unauthorized taking of migratory birds ⓘ unauthorized transport of migratory birds ⓘ |
| protects |
many raptor species
ⓘ
migratory songbirds ⓘ migratory waterfowl ⓘ |
| purpose |
to implement migratory bird treaties with other countries
ⓘ
to protect migratory bird species ⓘ |
| region |
United States and its territories
ⓘ
linked to:
United States territories
|
| relatedTo |
Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act
ⓘ
Endangered Species Act of 1973 ⓘ
linked to:
U.S. Endangered Species Act
Migratory Bird Conservation Act ⓘ |
| scopeIncludes |
native migratory birds
ⓘ
their parts, nests, and eggs ⓘ |
| shortName | MBTA ⓘ |
| signedBy | Woodrow Wilson ⓘ |
| yearEnacted | 1918 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Migratory Bird Treaty Act Description of subject: The Migratory Bird Treaty Act is a U.S. federal law that protects migratory bird species by prohibiting their unauthorized taking, killing, or possession.
Referenced by (26)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Migratory Bird Treaty Act
linked to: Migratory Bird Treaty Act
linked to: Migratory Bird Treaty Act
linked to: Migratory Bird Treaty Act
linked to: Migratory Bird Treaty Act
subject linked to:
Canada geese
linked to: Migratory Bird Treaty Act
linked to: Migratory Bird Treaty Act
linked to: Migratory Bird Treaty Act
linked to: Migratory Bird Treaty Act
Navy Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan
→
supportsComplianceWith
→
Migratory Bird Treaty Act
ⓘ
Pacific Southwest Region of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
→
implements
→
Migratory Bird Treaty Act
ⓘ
United States federal wildlife protection framework
→
legalBasis
→
Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918
ⓘ
linked to: Migratory Bird Treaty Act
Missouri v. Holland
→
holding
→
The Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 is constitutional as an exercise of the treaty power and the Necessary and Proper Clause.
ⓘ
linked to: Migratory Bird Treaty Act
linked to: Migratory Bird Treaty Act