perpera
E296628
The perpera was a medieval Bulgarian coin and monetary unit used during the Second Bulgarian Empire.
All labels observed (2)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2763408 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: perpera Context triple: [Second Bulgarian Empire, currency, perpera]
-
A.
Perka
Perka is a small settlement located on Car Nicobar Island in the Nicobar district of India’s Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
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B.
Pera
Pera was a prominent Genoese trading quarter and colony located across the Golden Horn from Constantinople, serving as a key hub for Mediterranean and Black Sea commerce.
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C.
Pesa
Pesa is a Polish manufacturer of rail vehicles, particularly known for producing modern trams and trains used in various European cities.
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D.
PAN
PAN is the vehicle registration code assigned to the district of Rottal-Inn in Bavaria, Germany, which includes the town of Simbach am Inn.
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E.
Per
Per is a Scandinavian masculine given name, commonly used in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark as a form of Peter.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: perpera Target entity description: The perpera was a medieval Bulgarian coin and monetary unit used during the Second Bulgarian Empire.
-
A.
Perka
Perka is a small settlement located on Car Nicobar Island in the Nicobar district of India’s Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
-
B.
Pera
Pera was a prominent Genoese trading quarter and colony located across the Golden Horn from Constantinople, serving as a key hub for Mediterranean and Black Sea commerce.
-
C.
Pesa
Pesa is a Polish manufacturer of rail vehicles, particularly known for producing modern trams and trains used in various European cities.
-
D.
PAN
PAN is the vehicle registration code assigned to the district of Rottal-Inn in Bavaria, Germany, which includes the town of Simbach am Inn.
-
E.
Per
Per is a Scandinavian masculine given name, commonly used in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark as a form of Peter.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (30)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
medieval coin
ⓘ
monetary unit ⓘ |
| circulationArea | territories of the Second Bulgarian Empire ⓘ |
| country | Second Bulgarian Empire ⓘ |
| currencyOf | Second Bulgarian Empire ⓘ |
| currencySystem | Bulgarian medieval currency ⓘ |
| denominationType | silver coin ⓘ |
| etymology | derived from Byzantine perpera / hyperpyron ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod |
Middle Ages
ⓘ
medieval period ⓘ |
| historicalUse |
medium of exchange
ⓘ
unit of account ⓘ |
| issuer |
Bulgarian tsars
ⓘ
Second Bulgarian Empire rulers ⓘ |
| languageOfName | Bulgarian ⓘ |
| material | silver ⓘ |
| monetaryRole | high-value denomination ⓘ |
| monetarySystem | medieval Bulgarian monetary system ⓘ |
| region |
Balkans
ⓘ
medieval Bulgaria ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Bulgarian gros
ⓘ
Byzantine hyperpyron ⓘ |
| successor | later Bulgarian coinage ⓘ |
| timeInUse |
13th century
ⓘ
14th century ⓘ |
| usedBy | medieval Bulgaria ⓘ |
| usedFor |
state revenues
ⓘ
tax payments ⓘ trade ⓘ |
| usedIn | Second Bulgarian Empire ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: perpera Description of subject: The perpera was a medieval Bulgarian coin and monetary unit used during the Second Bulgarian Empire.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: perpera