Bourke v. Beshear
E28843
Bourke v. Beshear was a landmark federal court case from Kentucky challenging the state's same-sex marriage ban, later incorporated into the U.S. Supreme Court’s Obergefell v. Hodges decision that legalized same-sex marriage nationwide.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Bourke v. Beshear canonical | 6 |
| Gregory Bourke and Michael DeLeon v. Steve Beshear | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T226696 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bourke v. Beshear Context triple: [Obergefell v. Hodges, consolidatedWith, Bourke v. Beshear]
-
A.
Briggs v. Elliott
Briggs v. Elliott was a landmark federal court case from South Carolina challenging racial segregation in public schools, and it became one of the key cases consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education.
-
B.
Carter v. Carter Coal Co.
Carter v. Carter Coal Co. was a 1936 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down federal regulation of coal production as an unconstitutional overreach of Congress’s Commerce Clause powers.
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C.
Bolling v. Sharpe
Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
-
D.
Shelby County v. Holder
Shelby County v. Holder is a 2013 U.S. Supreme Court decision that significantly weakened the Voting Rights Act of 1965 by striking down the formula used to determine which jurisdictions required federal preclearance for changes to their voting laws.
-
E.
Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan
Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan is a 1982 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down a state-supported women-only nursing school policy as unconstitutional sex discrimination under the Equal Protection Clause.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bourke v. Beshear Target entity description: Bourke v. Beshear was a landmark federal court case from Kentucky challenging the state's same-sex marriage ban, later incorporated into the U.S. Supreme Court’s Obergefell v. Hodges decision that legalized same-sex marriage nationwide.
-
A.
Briggs v. Elliott
Briggs v. Elliott was a landmark federal court case from South Carolina challenging racial segregation in public schools, and it became one of the key cases consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education.
-
B.
Carter v. Carter Coal Co.
Carter v. Carter Coal Co. was a 1936 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down federal regulation of coal production as an unconstitutional overreach of Congress’s Commerce Clause powers.
-
C.
Bolling v. Sharpe
Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
-
D.
Shelby County v. Holder
Shelby County v. Holder is a 2013 U.S. Supreme Court decision that significantly weakened the Voting Rights Act of 1965 by striking down the formula used to determine which jurisdictions required federal preclearance for changes to their voting laws.
-
E.
Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan
Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan is a 1982 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down a state-supported women-only nursing school policy as unconstitutional sex discrimination under the Equal Protection Clause.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal court case
ⓘ
constitutional law case ⓘ same-sex marriage case ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
civil rights law
ⓘ
family law ⓘ |
| challenges | Kentucky ban on recognition of same-sex marriages performed in other jurisdictions ⓘ |
| circuitCourt | United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit ⓘ |
| circuitDecisionDate | 2014-11-06 ⓘ |
| circuitHolding | upheld Kentucky’s same-sex marriage bans ⓘ |
| citation | 996 F. Supp. 2d 542 ⓘ |
| classification |
landmark LGBT rights case
ⓘ
pre-Obergefell marriage equality case ⓘ |
| consolidatedWith | Love v. Beshear ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInvoked |
Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
ⓘ
linked to:
Fourteenth Amendment
|
| country |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| court | United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky ⓘ |
| courtLevel | federal district court ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 2014-02-12 ⓘ |
| defendant | Steve Beshear ⓘ |
| defendantOffice | Governor of Kentucky ⓘ |
| holding |
Kentucky must recognize valid same-sex marriages performed in other states
ⓘ
Kentucky’s refusal to recognize out-of-state same-sex marriages violates the Fourteenth Amendment ⓘ |
| incorporatedInto | Obergefell v. Hodges ⓘ |
| judge | John G. Heyburn II ⓘ |
| jurisdiction | United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky ⓘ |
| legalImpact | contributed to nationwide legalization of same-sex marriage ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
Due Process Clause
ⓘ
Equal Protection Clause ⓘ |
| legalSubject |
Fourteenth Amendment rights
ⓘ
linked to:
Fourteenth Amendment
recognition of out-of-state same-sex marriages ⓘ same-sex marriage ⓘ |
| location | Louisville, Kentucky ⓘ |
| opposedBy | Kentucky Attorney General’s office at the appellate stage ⓘ |
| partOf | same-sex marriage litigation in the United States ⓘ |
| partyTypeDefendant | state government official ⓘ |
| partyTypePlaintiffs | same-sex married couples ⓘ |
| plaintiffs | same-sex couples residing in Kentucky ⓘ |
| precedentFor | recognition of same-sex marriages performed in other states ⓘ |
| proceduralHistory | appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit ⓘ |
| relatedCase | Love v. Beshear ⓘ |
| relatedFederalCase | United States v. Windsor ⓘ |
| relatedSupremeCourtCase | Obergefell v. Hodges ⓘ |
| result | Kentucky’s same-sex marriage recognition ban was struck down at the district court level ⓘ |
| state | Kentucky ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
LGBT rights
ⓘ
marriage recognition ⓘ |
| timePeriod | post-United States v. Windsor era ⓘ |
| year | 2014 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Bourke v. Beshear Description of subject: Bourke v. Beshear was a landmark federal court case from Kentucky challenging the state's same-sex marriage ban, later incorporated into the U.S. Supreme Court’s Obergefell v. Hodges decision that legalized same-sex marriage nationwide.
Referenced by (8)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.