Dulong–Petit law
E287400
The Dulong–Petit law is an early empirical rule in thermodynamics stating that many solid elements have approximately the same molar heat capacity at high temperatures.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Dulong–Petit law canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2682923 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dulong–Petit law Context triple: [equipartition theorem, relatedTo, Dulong–Petit law]
-
A.
Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics stating that, for a body in thermal equilibrium, its emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength.
-
B.
Stefan–Boltzmann law
The Stefan–Boltzmann law is a fundamental principle of thermal radiation stating that the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature.
-
C.
Fourier's law of heat conduction
Fourier's law of heat conduction is a fundamental physical principle that relates heat flux within a material to the negative gradient of temperature, forming the basis of classical heat transfer theory.
-
D.
Wien displacement law
Wien's displacement law is a physical law that relates the temperature of a blackbody to the wavelength at which it emits radiation most intensely.
-
E.
Lusser's law
Lusser's law is a reliability engineering principle that states the overall reliability of a system is the product of the reliabilities of its individual components, highlighting how system reliability decreases as more components are added in series.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dulong–Petit law Target entity description: The Dulong–Petit law is an early empirical rule in thermodynamics stating that many solid elements have approximately the same molar heat capacity at high temperatures.
-
A.
Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics stating that, for a body in thermal equilibrium, its emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength.
-
B.
Stefan–Boltzmann law
The Stefan–Boltzmann law is a fundamental principle of thermal radiation stating that the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature.
-
C.
Fourier's law of heat conduction
Fourier's law of heat conduction is a fundamental physical principle that relates heat flux within a material to the negative gradient of temperature, forming the basis of classical heat transfer theory.
-
D.
Wien displacement law
Wien's displacement law is a physical law that relates the temperature of a blackbody to the wavelength at which it emits radiation most intensely.
-
E.
Lusser's law
Lusser's law is a reliability engineering principle that states the overall reliability of a system is the product of the reliabilities of its individual components, highlighting how system reliability decreases as more components are added in series.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
empirical law
ⓘ
law of thermodynamics ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
crystalline solids
ⓘ
metals ⓘ monatomic crystalline solids ⓘ solid elements ⓘ |
| approximateFor | heavy metallic elements ⓘ |
| approximateNumericalValue | 24.9 J mol−1 K−1 ⓘ |
| assumes | each atom in a solid contributes 3k_B to heat capacity ⓘ |
| basedOn | classical equipartition theorem ⓘ |
| contrastedWith |
Debye model of specific heat
ⓘ
linked to:
Debye model
Einstein model of specific heat ⓘ
linked to:
Debye model
|
| describes | molar heat capacity of many solid elements ⓘ |
| explainedBy | quantum theory of specific heat ⓘ |
| field |
physical chemistry
ⓘ
solid-state physics ⓘ thermodynamics ⓘ |
| givesApproximateValue |
3R
ⓘ
about 25 joules per mole kelvin ⓘ |
| historicalContext | 19th-century thermodynamics ⓘ |
| holdsBestFor | simple crystalline metals at room temperature ⓘ |
| implies | molar heat capacity is independent of atomic mass ⓘ |
| involvesConstant | gas constant R ⓘ |
| lessAccurateAt | low temperatures ⓘ |
| lessAccurateFor |
elements with low Debye temperature
ⓘ
light elements ⓘ |
| mathematicalForm | C_V ≈ 3R for many solid elements ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Alexis Thérèse Petit
ⓘ
Pierre Louis Dulong ⓘ |
| proposedBy |
Alexis Thérèse Petit
ⓘ
Pierre Louis Dulong ⓘ |
| quantityDescribed |
molar heat capacity at constant pressure (approximately)
ⓘ
molar heat capacity at constant volume ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
Debye temperature
ⓘ
Einstein solid ⓘ equipartition of energy ⓘ heat capacity ⓘ specific heat capacity ⓘ |
| scope | classical high-temperature limit of lattice heat capacity ⓘ |
| states | many solid elements have approximately the same molar heat capacity at high temperature ⓘ |
| status |
approximate law
ⓘ
superseded in detail by quantum models of specific heat ⓘ |
| typeOf | specific heat law ⓘ |
| unitContext | joules per mole kelvin ⓘ |
| usedFor | estimating atomic weights of elements (historically) ⓘ |
| validAt | high temperatures ⓘ |
| yearProposed | 1819 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
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Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Dulong–Petit law Description of subject: The Dulong–Petit law is an early empirical rule in thermodynamics stating that many solid elements have approximately the same molar heat capacity at high temperatures.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.