Ryotwari system
E273958
The Ryotwari system was a land revenue arrangement in British India under which taxes were collected directly from individual peasant cultivators rather than through intermediaries.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Ryotwari system canonical | 4 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2525485 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ryotwari system Context triple: [Company rule in India, economicPolicy, Ryotwari system]
-
A.
Permanent Settlement of Bengal
The Permanent Settlement of Bengal was a late 18th-century land revenue system introduced by the British that fixed land taxes permanently and created a class of hereditary zamindar landlords, profoundly shaping Bengal’s agrarian and social structure.
-
B.
Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa
The Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa was the Mughal imperial grant of revenue-collecting rights over these provinces, which effectively gave the British East India Company control of their civil administration and finances in the 18th century.
-
C.
mansabdari system
The mansabdari system was a hierarchical military-bureaucratic framework in the Mughal Empire that ranked officials and determined their salaries and obligations based on the number of troops they were required to maintain.
-
D.
Asiatic Land Tenure and Indian Representation Act
The Asiatic Land Tenure and Indian Representation Act was a 1946 South African law that restricted land ownership and political representation for Indians, entrenching racial segregation and provoking widespread resistance.
-
E.
Indian Civil Service
The Indian Civil Service was the elite administrative bureaucracy of British rule in India, responsible for governing and managing the colonial state's key functions.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ryotwari system Target entity description: The Ryotwari system was a land revenue arrangement in British India under which taxes were collected directly from individual peasant cultivators rather than through intermediaries.
-
A.
Permanent Settlement of Bengal
The Permanent Settlement of Bengal was a late 18th-century land revenue system introduced by the British that fixed land taxes permanently and created a class of hereditary zamindar landlords, profoundly shaping Bengal’s agrarian and social structure.
-
B.
Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa
The Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa was the Mughal imperial grant of revenue-collecting rights over these provinces, which effectively gave the British East India Company control of their civil administration and finances in the 18th century.
-
C.
mansabdari system
The mansabdari system was a hierarchical military-bureaucratic framework in the Mughal Empire that ranked officials and determined their salaries and obligations based on the number of troops they were required to maintain.
-
D.
Asiatic Land Tenure and Indian Representation Act
The Asiatic Land Tenure and Indian Representation Act was a 1946 South African law that restricted land ownership and political representation for Indians, entrenching racial segregation and provoking widespread resistance.
-
E.
Indian Civil Service
The Indian Civil Service was the elite administrative bureaucracy of British rule in India, responsible for governing and managing the colonial state's key functions.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
agrarian taxation system
ⓘ
land revenue system ⓘ |
| actualOutcome | heavy revenue burden on cultivators ⓘ |
| administrationRequired |
detailed land surveys
ⓘ
individual field measurement ⓘ |
| administrativeUnitOfAssessment | field or plot ⓘ |
| aimedTo |
increase state revenue
ⓘ
reduce power of intermediaries ⓘ |
| appliedIn | British India ⓘ |
| associatedWith | Alexander Read ⓘ |
| avoidsIntermediaries | true ⓘ |
| basedOn | individual holdings ⓘ |
| contrastedWith |
Mahalwari system
ⓘ
Zamindari system ⓘ |
| criticizedFor |
frequent revisions of assessment
ⓘ
high land revenue demand ⓘ insecurity of tenure for peasants ⓘ |
| distinguishedBy | absence of zamindar as revenue intermediary ⓘ |
| effectOnPeasants |
indebtedness
ⓘ
risk of land loss on non-payment ⓘ |
| goalClaimedByOfficials | protect peasant proprietors ⓘ |
| historicalContext | Company rule in India ⓘ |
| implementedBy | British colonial administration ⓘ |
| influencedBy | earlier South Indian revenue practices ⓘ |
| introducedAroundYear | 1820 ⓘ |
| introducedBy | Thomas Munro ⓘ |
| introducedInRegion |
Bombay Presidency
ⓘ
Madras Presidency ⓘ |
| landOwnershipRecognizedFor | cultivating ryot ⓘ |
| landRevenueAssessedOn | individual cultivator ⓘ |
| landRevenuePaidBy | ryot ⓘ |
| legalStatusOfRyot | proprietary rights subject to revenue payment ⓘ |
| nameDerivedFrom | ryot ⓘ |
| partOf | British colonial land revenue policy ⓘ |
| periodOfIntroduction | early 19th century ⓘ |
| revenueCollectionRelationship | direct relationship between state and cultivator ⓘ |
| revenuePaymentForm |
cash
ⓘ
kind ⓘ |
| revenueRateBasis |
cash value of produce
ⓘ
estimated produce of land ⓘ |
| revenueSettlementType | individual settlement ⓘ |
| ryotMeans | peasant cultivator ⓘ |
| settlementPeriod | often 20 to 30 years ⓘ |
| taxCollectedDirectlyBy | state ⓘ |
| taxCollectedFrom | individual peasant cultivators ⓘ |
| usedIn |
South India
ⓘ
Western India ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Ryotwari system Description of subject: The Ryotwari system was a land revenue arrangement in British India under which taxes were collected directly from individual peasant cultivators rather than through intermediaries.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.