Treaty of Waitangi principles

E263624

constitutional convention interpretive framework legal doctrine

The Treaty of Waitangi principles are foundational guidelines in New Zealand law and governance that interpret the Treaty’s obligations—such as partnership, participation, and protection—when dealing with Māori rights and interests.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Treaty of Waitangi principles canonical	7
Treaty of Waitangi Article 2 interpretations	1
Treaty of Waitangi law	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2368620 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty of Waitangi principles
Context triple: [Resource Management Act 1991, section8DealsWith, Treaty of Waitangi principles]

A. Māori–Crown relations
Māori–Crown relations refers to the evolving political, legal, and social relationship between the Indigenous Māori people of Aotearoa New Zealand and the New Zealand government, grounded in the Treaty of Waitangi and ongoing processes of redress and partnership.
B. Treaty of Waitangi
The Treaty of Waitangi is an 1840 agreement between the British Crown and many Māori chiefs that is regarded as New Zealand’s founding document and a central reference point for its law, politics, and race relations.
C. Treaty of Waitangi settlements
Treaty of Waitangi settlements are agreements between the New Zealand government and Māori iwi and hapū that provide redress for historical breaches of the Treaty of Waitangi, often including financial compensation, cultural recognition, and the return of land or resources.
D. Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975
The Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975 is New Zealand legislation that established the Waitangi Tribunal to investigate and make recommendations on breaches of the Treaty of Waitangi between the Crown and Māori.
E. Treaty of Waitangi claims process
The Treaty of Waitangi claims process is New Zealand’s formal legal and political mechanism through which Māori iwi and hapū seek redress for historical and contemporary breaches of the Treaty of Waitangi by the Crown.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty of Waitangi principles
Target entity description: The Treaty of Waitangi principles are foundational guidelines in New Zealand law and governance that interpret the Treaty’s obligations—such as partnership, participation, and protection—when dealing with Māori rights and interests.

A. Māori–Crown relations
Māori–Crown relations refers to the evolving political, legal, and social relationship between the Indigenous Māori people of Aotearoa New Zealand and the New Zealand government, grounded in the Treaty of Waitangi and ongoing processes of redress and partnership.
B. Treaty of Waitangi
The Treaty of Waitangi is an 1840 agreement between the British Crown and many Māori chiefs that is regarded as New Zealand’s founding document and a central reference point for its law, politics, and race relations.
C. Treaty of Waitangi settlements
Treaty of Waitangi settlements are agreements between the New Zealand government and Māori iwi and hapū that provide redress for historical breaches of the Treaty of Waitangi, often including financial compensation, cultural recognition, and the return of land or resources.
D. Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975
The Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975 is New Zealand legislation that established the Waitangi Tribunal to investigate and make recommendations on breaches of the Treaty of Waitangi between the Crown and Māori.
E. Treaty of Waitangi claims process
The Treaty of Waitangi claims process is New Zealand’s formal legal and political mechanism through which Māori iwi and hapū seek redress for historical and contemporary breaches of the Treaty of Waitangi by the Crown.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (52)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	constitutional convention ⓘ interpretive framework ⓘ legal doctrine ⓘ
appliesTo	Māori–Crown relationships ⓘ linked to: Māori–Crown relations Treaty of Waitangi ⓘ Treaty settlement processes ⓘ co-governance arrangements ⓘ education policy ⓘ health policy ⓘ public sector decision-making ⓘ resource management ⓘ social services policy ⓘ
articulatedIn	New Zealand Court of Appeal decision New Zealand Māori Council v Attorney-General (1987) (SOE case) ⓘ linked to: New Zealand Māori Council v Attorney-General (1987) (the Lands case) Waitangi Tribunal reports ⓘ
basedOn	Te Tiriti o Waitangi (Māori text) ⓘ Treaty of Waitangi English version ⓘ linked to: Treaty of Waitangi Treaty of Waitangi historical context ⓘ Treaty of Waitangi text ⓘ
controversy	extent of their legal enforceability ⓘ use of principles instead of the Treaty text itself ⓘ who has authority to define the principles ⓘ
corePrinciple	active protection ⓘ duty to act reasonably and in good faith ⓘ duty to consult ⓘ equity ⓘ honour of the Crown ⓘ mutual benefit ⓘ options ⓘ participation ⓘ partnership ⓘ partnership and shared decision-making ⓘ recognition of rangatiratanga ⓘ redress ⓘ
country	New Zealand ⓘ
developedBy	New Zealand Parliament ⓘ New Zealand courts ⓘ New Zealand executive branch ⓘ linked to: Executive branch of the Government of New Zealand Waitangi Tribunal ⓘ
legalBasis	Conservation Act 1987 section 4 ⓘ New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000 ⓘ Resource Management Act 1991 ⓘ State-Owned Enterprises Act 1986 section 9 ⓘ linked to: State-Owned Enterprises Act 1986 various Treaty settlement legislation ⓘ
legalStatus	foundational guidelines in New Zealand law and governance ⓘ
purpose	to guide the Crown in its dealings with Māori ⓘ to inform public decision-making and policy ⓘ to interpret the obligations of the Treaty of Waitangi ⓘ to protect Māori rights and interests ⓘ
relatedConcept	Crown obligations ⓘ Māori rights ⓘ Te Tiriti o Waitangi ⓘ linked to: Treaty of Waitangi indigenous self-determination ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (9)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Resource Management Act 1991 → section8DealsWith → Treaty of Waitangi principles ⓘ

New Zealand government → recognizesTreatyPrinciples → Treaty of Waitangi principles ⓘ

Te Ture Whenua Māori Act 1993 → relatedTo → Treaty of Waitangi principles ⓘ

Te Reo Māori → protectedBy → Treaty of Waitangi principles ⓘ

Treaty of Waitangi claims process → recognizes → Treaty of Waitangi principles ⓘ

New Zealand Settlements Act 1863 → foundInconsistentWith → Treaty of Waitangi principles ⓘ

Lands case → legalArea → Treaty of Waitangi law ⓘ

subject linked to: the Lands case

linked to: Treaty of Waitangi principles

Conservation Act 1987 section 4 → associatedWith → Treaty of Waitangi principles ⓘ

Tino Rangatiratanga → relatedConcept → Treaty of Waitangi Article 2 interpretations ⓘ