Umklapp scattering
E243118
Umklapp scattering is a momentum-relaxing process in crystals where phonon or electron scattering transfers crystal momentum by a reciprocal lattice vector, playing a key role in limiting thermal and electrical conductivity at higher temperatures.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Umklapp scattering canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2173646 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Umklapp scattering Context triple: [Brillouin zone, usedToExplain, Umklapp scattering]
-
A.
Peierls transition
The Peierls transition is a phase transition in one-dimensional metals where a periodic lattice distortion opens an energy gap at the Fermi surface, turning the system from a metal into an insulator or semiconductor.
-
B.
Mott transition
The Mott transition is a metal–insulator transition in strongly correlated electron systems, where electron–electron interactions drive a material from conducting to insulating behavior without a change in its crystal structure.
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C.
Anderson localization
Anderson localization is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which disorder in a material causes electrons or waves to become spatially localized, preventing them from diffusing freely.
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D.
Peierls substitution
Peierls substitution is a quantum mechanical method for incorporating the effects of an external electromagnetic field into the momentum of charged particles in lattice or solid-state systems.
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E.
Fermi surface
The Fermi surface is the boundary in momentum space separating occupied from unoccupied electron states at zero temperature, crucial for determining a metal’s electronic and superconducting properties.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Umklapp scattering Target entity description: Umklapp scattering is a momentum-relaxing process in crystals where phonon or electron scattering transfers crystal momentum by a reciprocal lattice vector, playing a key role in limiting thermal and electrical conductivity at higher temperatures.
-
A.
Peierls transition
The Peierls transition is a phase transition in one-dimensional metals where a periodic lattice distortion opens an energy gap at the Fermi surface, turning the system from a metal into an insulator or semiconductor.
-
B.
Mott transition
The Mott transition is a metal–insulator transition in strongly correlated electron systems, where electron–electron interactions drive a material from conducting to insulating behavior without a change in its crystal structure.
-
C.
Anderson localization
Anderson localization is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which disorder in a material causes electrons or waves to become spatially localized, preventing them from diffusing freely.
-
D.
Peierls substitution
Peierls substitution is a quantum mechanical method for incorporating the effects of an external electromagnetic field into the momentum of charged particles in lattice or solid-state systems.
-
E.
Fermi surface
The Fermi surface is the boundary in momentum space separating occupied from unoccupied electron states at zero temperature, crucial for determining a metal’s electronic and superconducting properties.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
electron scattering mechanism
ⓘ
phonon scattering mechanism ⓘ scattering process ⓘ |
| analyzedUsing | phonon dispersion relations ⓘ |
| associatedWith | large-angle phonon scattering ⓘ |
| canBeModifiedBy |
isotope engineering
ⓘ
strain engineering of the lattice ⓘ |
| canBeSuppressedBy | reducing dimensionality of the system ⓘ |
| changes | total crystal momentum of the phonon system ⓘ |
| characterizedBy | momentum transfer equal to a reciprocal lattice vector ⓘ |
| competesWith | normal phonon-phonon scattering processes ⓘ |
| conserves | crystal momentum modulo a reciprocal lattice vector ⓘ |
| contrastedWith | normal phonon scattering ⓘ |
| dependsOn |
lattice periodicity
ⓘ
phonon population ⓘ |
| describedBy |
Boltzmann transport equation
ⓘ
linked to:
Boltzmann equation
|
| dominantAt | high temperatures ⓘ |
| effect |
finite electrical resistivity
ⓘ
finite thermal conductivity ⓘ relaxation of electrical current ⓘ relaxation of heat current ⓘ |
| field |
condensed matter physics
ⓘ
solid-state physics ⓘ |
| involves |
crystal lattice
ⓘ
electrons ⓘ phonons ⓘ |
| mathematicallyInvolves | addition of a reciprocal lattice vector to conserve quasi-momentum ⓘ |
| meaningOfName | "to flip over" or "to turn over" in German ⓘ |
| namedAfter | German word "Umklappen" ⓘ |
| occursIn | crystalline solids ⓘ |
| occursWhen | sum of phonon wavevectors exceeds a reciprocal lattice vector ⓘ |
| reduces |
phonon mean free path
ⓘ
thermal conductivity at high temperature ⓘ |
| relevantFor |
design of thermoelectric materials
ⓘ
heat management in microelectronics ⓘ low-dimensional materials thermal transport ⓘ |
| relevantTo |
electrical resistivity of metals
ⓘ
lattice thermal resistance ⓘ thermal conductivity of insulators ⓘ thermal conductivity of semiconductors ⓘ |
| requires | phonon wavevectors near the Brillouin zone boundary ⓘ |
| roleIn |
limiting electron mobility in metals and semiconductors
ⓘ
limiting lattice thermal conductivity at high temperature ⓘ |
| suppressedAt | low temperatures ⓘ |
| temperatureDependence | rate increases with temperature ⓘ |
| transfers | crystal momentum to the lattice ⓘ |
| typeOf | momentum-relaxing scattering ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Umklapp scattering Description of subject: Umklapp scattering is a momentum-relaxing process in crystals where phonon or electron scattering transfers crystal momentum by a reciprocal lattice vector, playing a key role in limiting thermal and electrical conductivity at higher temperatures.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.