Karluk languages

E237314

Turkic language subgroup

Karluk languages are a subgroup of the Turkic language family that includes major Central Asian languages such as Uzbek and Uyghur.

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All labels observed (5)

Label	Occurrences
Karluk languages canonical	5
Karluk Turkic languages	4
Karluk Turkic language	3
Karluk language	1
Proto-Karluk	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2101576 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Karluk languages
Context triple: [Turkic languages, hasBranch, Karluk languages]

A. Hokan languages
Hokan languages are a proposed but controversial grouping of several Native American language families of the western United States and Mexico that share certain typological and lexical similarities.
B. Wakashan languages
The Wakashan languages are an indigenous language family of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America, traditionally spoken by several First Nations peoples in what is now British Columbia and northwestern Washington.
C. Tungusic languages
Tungusic languages are a family of languages spoken in eastern Siberia, northeastern China, and parts of the Russian Far East, including languages such as Evenki and Manchu.
D. Karkar-Yuri languages
The Karkar-Yuri languages are a small group of closely related Papuan languages spoken primarily on Karkar Island and nearby areas of Papua New Guinea.
E. Tongic languages
The Tongic languages are a small subgroup of Polynesian languages that includes Tongan and Niuean, spoken primarily in Tonga and Niue.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Karluk languages
Target entity description: Karluk languages are a subgroup of the Turkic language family that includes major Central Asian languages such as Uzbek and Uyghur.

A. Hokan languages
Hokan languages are a proposed but controversial grouping of several Native American language families of the western United States and Mexico that share certain typological and lexical similarities.
B. Wakashan languages
The Wakashan languages are an indigenous language family of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America, traditionally spoken by several First Nations peoples in what is now British Columbia and northwestern Washington.
C. Tungusic languages
Tungusic languages are a family of languages spoken in eastern Siberia, northeastern China, and parts of the Russian Far East, including languages such as Evenki and Manchu.
D. Karkar-Yuri languages
The Karkar-Yuri languages are a small group of closely related Papuan languages spoken primarily on Karkar Island and nearby areas of Papua New Guinea.
E. Tongic languages
The Tongic languages are a small subgroup of Polynesian languages that includes Tongan and Niuean, spoken primarily in Tonga and Niue.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Turkic language subgroup ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	Qarluq languages ⓘ linked to: Kipchak languages Southeastern Common Turkic ⓘ linked to: Southeastern Turkic
branchOf	Common Turkic languages ⓘ linked to: Common Turkic
contrastedWith	Kipchak languages ⓘ Oghuz languages ⓘ linked to: Oghuz Turkic language Siberian Turkic languages ⓘ linked to: North Siberian Turkic languages
developedFrom	Common Turkic ⓘ
geographicDistribution	Afghanistan ⓘ Central Asia ⓘ China ⓘ Kazakhstan ⓘ Kyrgyzstan ⓘ Northern Pakistan ⓘ linked to: northern Pakistan Tajikistan ⓘ Turkmenistan ⓘ Uzbekistan ⓘ Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region ⓘ linked to: Xinjiang
hasMajorStandardVariety	Standard Uyghur ⓘ linked to: Uyghur language Standard Uzbek ⓘ linked to: Uzbek
hasMember	Dolgan-Uyghur varieties ⓘ Ili Turki language ⓘ Lop Nur dialects ⓘ Uyghur language ⓘ Uzbek language ⓘ linked to: Uzbek Äynu language ⓘ
hasWritingTraditionSince	Karakhanid era ⓘ
historicalAncestor	Karakhanid language ⓘ Old Uyghur language ⓘ linked to: Old Turkic language
influencedBy	Arabic language ⓘ linked to: Arabic Chinese language ⓘ Persian language ⓘ Russian language ⓘ
linguisticFeature	SOV basic word order ⓘ agglutinative morphology ⓘ extensive case system ⓘ lack of grammatical gender ⓘ use of postpositions rather than prepositions ⓘ vowel harmony with reductions in some members ⓘ
namedAfter	Karluk tribes ⓘ
partOf	Turkic language family ⓘ linked to: Turkic languages
subclassOf	Turkic languages ⓘ
timeDepth	medieval period origin ⓘ
usedIn	Islamic scholarship in Central Asia ⓘ literature of Central Asia ⓘ
writingSystemUsed	Arabic script ⓘ linked to: Arabic alphabet Cyrillic script ⓘ Latin script ⓘ Perso-Arabic script ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (14)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Turkic languages → hasBranch → Karluk languages ⓘ

Chagatai Turkic → subclassOf → Karluk Turkic language ⓘ

linked to: Karluk languages

Proto-Turkic → isAncestorOf → Karluk languages ⓘ

Oghuz Turkic language → distinguishedFrom → Karluk Turkic languages ⓘ

linked to: Karluk languages

Turkic peoples → hasLanguageFamily → Karluk languages ⓘ

Karluk branch → hasProtoLanguage → Proto-Karluk ⓘ

linked to: Karluk languages

Modern Uyghur → subclassOf → Karluk language ⓘ

linked to: Karluk languages

Çağatay Türkçesi → subclassOf → Karluk Turkic language ⓘ

linked to: Karluk languages

Karluk → spokeLanguage → Karluk languages ⓘ

Common Turkic → hasSubgroup → Karluk languages ⓘ

Kipchak-Cuman → relatedTo → Karluk Turkic languages ⓘ

linked to: Karluk languages

Khwarezmian Turkic languages → subclassOf → Karluk Turkic languages ⓘ

linked to: Karluk languages

Chorasmian Turkic → closelyRelatedTo → Karluk Turkic languages ⓘ

linked to: Karluk languages

Karakhanid language → subclassOf → Karluk Turkic language ⓘ

linked to: Karluk languages

All labels observed (5)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (49)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (14)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited