Franck–Hertz experiment
E172427
The Franck–Hertz experiment is a landmark early-20th-century physics experiment that provided direct evidence for the quantization of atomic energy levels, supporting the Bohr model of the atom.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Franck–Hertz experiment canonical | 5 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1511670 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Franck–Hertz experiment Context triple: [James Franck, notableWork, Franck–Hertz experiment]
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A.
Davisson–Germer experiment
The Davisson–Germer experiment was a landmark 1927 physics experiment that demonstrated the wave nature of electrons through diffraction from a nickel crystal, providing key evidence for quantum mechanics and wave–particle duality.
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B.
Trouton–Noble experiment
The Trouton–Noble experiment was an early 20th-century test of the luminiferous aether that searched for a torque on a charged capacitor in motion and, by finding no such effect, provided support for the emerging theory of special relativity.
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C.
Cockcroft–Walton experiment
The Cockcroft–Walton experiment was a pioneering 1932 nuclear physics experiment that achieved the first artificial disintegration of atomic nuclei using accelerated protons, confirming Einstein’s mass–energy equivalence.
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D.
Ives–Stilwell experiment
The Ives–Stilwell experiment is a classic test of special relativity that measured the relativistic Doppler effect to confirm time dilation for fast-moving ions.
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E.
Michelson–Morley experiment
The Michelson–Morley experiment was a landmark 1887 physics experiment that attempted to detect the Earth's motion through the hypothesized luminiferous aether and whose null result helped pave the way for Einstein's theory of special relativity.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Franck–Hertz experiment Target entity description: The Franck–Hertz experiment is a landmark early-20th-century physics experiment that provided direct evidence for the quantization of atomic energy levels, supporting the Bohr model of the atom.
-
A.
Davisson–Germer experiment
The Davisson–Germer experiment was a landmark 1927 physics experiment that demonstrated the wave nature of electrons through diffraction from a nickel crystal, providing key evidence for quantum mechanics and wave–particle duality.
-
B.
Trouton–Noble experiment
The Trouton–Noble experiment was an early 20th-century test of the luminiferous aether that searched for a torque on a charged capacitor in motion and, by finding no such effect, provided support for the emerging theory of special relativity.
-
C.
Cockcroft–Walton experiment
The Cockcroft–Walton experiment was a pioneering 1932 nuclear physics experiment that achieved the first artificial disintegration of atomic nuclei using accelerated protons, confirming Einstein’s mass–energy equivalence.
-
D.
Ives–Stilwell experiment
The Ives–Stilwell experiment is a classic test of special relativity that measured the relativistic Doppler effect to confirm time dilation for fast-moving ions.
-
E.
Michelson–Morley experiment
The Michelson–Morley experiment was a landmark 1887 physics experiment that attempted to detect the Earth's motion through the hypothesized luminiferous aether and whose null result helped pave the way for Einstein's theory of special relativity.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
atomic physics experiment
ⓘ
landmark experiment ⓘ physics experiment ⓘ |
| apparatusComponent |
anode
ⓘ
electron-emitting cathode ⓘ grid electrode ⓘ heater for cathode ⓘ power supply for accelerating voltage ⓘ retarding potential between grid and anode ⓘ tube with low-pressure gas ⓘ |
| contributedToAwardOf |
Gustav Hertz
ⓘ
James Franck ⓘ |
| country | Germany ⓘ |
| demonstrates |
discrete excitation energy of atoms
ⓘ
energy conservation in inelastic collisions ⓘ existence of excited states in atoms ⓘ non-continuous energy absorption by atoms ⓘ quantized electron transitions ⓘ |
| evidenceFor |
Bohr model of the atom
ⓘ
discrete energy levels in atoms ⓘ quantization of atomic energy levels ⓘ |
| field |
atomic physics
ⓘ
experimental physics ⓘ quantum physics ⓘ |
| historicalSignificance |
early cornerstone of quantum mechanics
ⓘ
first direct experimental confirmation of discrete atomic energy levels ⓘ |
| institution |
University of Berlin
ⓘ
linked to:
Humboldt University of Berlin
|
| keyQuantity | first excitation potential of mercury ⓘ |
| measures |
anode current
ⓘ
electron energy loss ⓘ |
| nobelCitation | discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom ⓘ |
| nobelPrizeRelated |
Nobel Prize in Physics 1925
ⓘ
linked to:
Nobel Prize in Physics
|
| observes |
inelastic collisions between electrons and atoms
ⓘ
periodic drops in current as voltage increases ⓘ |
| performedBy |
Gustav Hertz
ⓘ
James Franck ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Rydberg formula
ⓘ
atomic spectra ⓘ energy level spacing in mercury ⓘ photoelectric effect ⓘ |
| supportsTheory |
Niels Bohr's atomic model
ⓘ
quantum theory ⓘ |
| typicalExcitationEnergy | 4.9 eV ⓘ |
| typicalVoltageSpacing | approximately 4.9 V ⓘ |
| uses |
accelerating electric potential
ⓘ
electron beam ⓘ low-pressure gas ⓘ mercury vapor ⓘ |
| year | 1914 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Franck–Hertz experiment Description of subject: The Franck–Hertz experiment is a landmark early-20th-century physics experiment that provided direct evidence for the quantization of atomic energy levels, supporting the Bohr model of the atom.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.