Ad astra per aspera
E164564
Ad astra per aspera is a Latin phrase meaning "to the stars through difficulties," commonly used to express perseverance in the face of hardship.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Ad astra per aspera canonical | 3 |
| Ad Astra per Aspera | 2 |
| Through Adversity to the Stars | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1425103 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ad astra per aspera Context triple: [Kansas, motto, Ad astra per aspera]
-
A.
Per Ardua ad Astra
Per Ardua ad Astra is the Latin motto of the Royal Air Force, traditionally translated as “Through adversity to the stars,” expressing courage and aspiration in the face of hardship.
-
B.
Follow a Star
"Follow a Star" is a 1959 British comedy film starring Norman Wisdom as an inept but endearing aspiring entertainer whose misadventures lead him toward unexpected success.
-
C.
Laetentur Caeli
Laetentur Caeli is a papal bull issued at the Council of Florence in 1439 that proclaimed the short-lived union between the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches.
-
D.
Le Shuttle
Le Shuttle is a vehicle-carrying rail service that transports cars, trucks, and passengers through the Channel Tunnel between the United Kingdom and France.
-
E.
Spaceways
Spaceways is a 1953 British science fiction film about early space travel and personal intrigue, directed by Terence Fisher and associated with editor-turned-director Harmon Jones.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ad astra per aspera Target entity description: Ad astra per aspera is a Latin phrase meaning "to the stars through difficulties," commonly used to express perseverance in the face of hardship.
-
A.
Per Ardua ad Astra
Per Ardua ad Astra is the Latin motto of the Royal Air Force, traditionally translated as “Through adversity to the stars,” expressing courage and aspiration in the face of hardship.
-
B.
Follow a Star
"Follow a Star" is a 1959 British comedy film starring Norman Wisdom as an inept but endearing aspiring entertainer whose misadventures lead him toward unexpected success.
-
C.
Laetentur Caeli
Laetentur Caeli is a papal bull issued at the Council of Florence in 1439 that proclaimed the short-lived union between the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches.
-
D.
Le Shuttle
Le Shuttle is a vehicle-carrying rail service that transports cars, trucks, and passengers through the Channel Tunnel between the United Kingdom and France.
-
E.
Spaceways
Spaceways is a 1953 British science fiction film about early space travel and personal intrigue, directed by Terence Fisher and associated with editor-turned-director Harmon Jones.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (42)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Latin motto
ⓘ
Latin phrase ⓘ |
| connotation |
noble striving
ⓘ
optimism despite hardship ⓘ |
| containsWord |
ad
ⓘ
aspera ⓘ astra ⓘ per ⓘ |
| etymologyOfComponent |
aspera is the neuter plural of asper meaning rough or difficult
ⓘ
astra derives from Latin astrum meaning star ⓘ |
| grammaticalCaseOfAspera | accusative ⓘ |
| grammaticalCaseOfAstra | accusative ⓘ |
| grammaticalNumberOfAspera | plural ⓘ |
| grammaticalNumberOfAstra | plural ⓘ |
| hasTheme |
aspiration
ⓘ
hope ⓘ overcoming adversity ⓘ perseverance ⓘ struggle ⓘ |
| language | Latin ⓘ |
| literalMeaning |
to the stars by rough ways
ⓘ
to the stars through difficulties ⓘ |
| partOfSpeechPattern | preposition + accusative plural noun + preposition + accusative plural adjective used substantively ⓘ |
| prepositionCaseGovernment |
ad governs the accusative
ⓘ
per governs the accusative ⓘ |
| register |
formal
ⓘ
literary ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
heroic struggle
ⓘ
stoicism ⓘ success after hardship ⓘ |
| semanticField |
ambition
ⓘ
motivation ⓘ resilience ⓘ |
| usageContext |
educational institutions
ⓘ
military units ⓘ personal mottos ⓘ space exploration culture ⓘ |
| usedAs |
inspirational slogan
ⓘ
motto ⓘ |
| usedToExpress |
perseverance in the face of hardship
ⓘ
the idea that great achievements require struggle ⓘ |
| wordOrder | prepositional phrase followed by ablative phrase ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Ad astra per aspera Description of subject: Ad astra per aspera is a Latin phrase meaning "to the stars through difficulties," commonly used to express perseverance in the face of hardship.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Ad astra per aspera
linked to: Ad astra per aspera
linked to: Ad astra per aspera