Al‑Khandaq

E148656

battle early Islamic battle military engagement siege

Al‑Khandaq is the Arabic name for the historic Battle of the Trench, a pivotal early Islamic military engagement near Medina in 627 CE.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Al‑Khandaq canonical	1
al-Khandaq	1
al‑Khandaq	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1296182 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Al‑Khandaq
Context triple: [Battle of the Trench, hasAlias, Al‑Khandaq]

A. Ain El Mreisseh
Ain El Mreisseh is a coastal neighborhood in Beirut, Lebanon, known for its seaside promenade, hotels, and proximity to the city’s central districts.
B. Hatra
Hatra is an ancient fortified city in northern Iraq, renowned for its well-preserved blend of Hellenistic and Parthian architecture and its role as a major religious and trading center in the early centuries CE.
C. Zuqāq al-Midaqq
Zuqāq al-Midaqq is the original Arabic title of Naguib Mahfouz’s famous novel "Midaq Alley," which portrays the lives of residents in a crowded Cairo backstreet during the 1940s.
D. Bab al-Kalabsha
Bab al-Kalabsha is the original Nubian site in southern Egypt where the ancient Temple of Kalabsha once stood before being relocated due to the construction of the Aswan High Dam.
E. Mandsaur
Mandsaur is a prominent city in northwestern Madhya Pradesh, India, known for its historical significance and agricultural and industrial economy.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Al‑Khandaq
Target entity description: Al‑Khandaq is the Arabic name for the historic Battle of the Trench, a pivotal early Islamic military engagement near Medina in 627 CE.

A. Ain El Mreisseh
Ain El Mreisseh is a coastal neighborhood in Beirut, Lebanon, known for its seaside promenade, hotels, and proximity to the city’s central districts.
B. Hatra
Hatra is an ancient fortified city in northern Iraq, renowned for its well-preserved blend of Hellenistic and Parthian architecture and its role as a major religious and trading center in the early centuries CE.
C. Zuqāq al-Midaqq
Zuqāq al-Midaqq is the original Arabic title of Naguib Mahfouz’s famous novel "Midaq Alley," which portrays the lives of residents in a crowded Cairo backstreet during the 1940s.
D. Bab al-Kalabsha
Bab al-Kalabsha is the original Nubian site in southern Egypt where the ancient Temple of Kalabsha once stood before being relocated due to the construction of the Aswan High Dam.
E. Mandsaur
Mandsaur is a prominent city in northwestern Madhya Pradesh, India, known for its historical significance and agricultural and industrial economy.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	battle ⓘ early Islamic battle ⓘ military engagement ⓘ siege ⓘ
associatedWithTribe	Ansar of Medina ⓘ linked to: Ansar Muhajirun ⓘ linked to: Hijra
belligerent	Jewish tribe of Banu Qurayza (later phase, locally) ⓘ Muslim community of Medina ⓘ linked to: Muslim community in Medina Quraysh of Mecca ⓘ linked to: Quraysh confederate pagan Arab tribes ⓘ
coalitionName	al-Ahzab (the Confederates) ⓘ linked to: Ghazwat al‑Ahzab
commander	Muhammad ⓘ
conflictIn	Muhammad’s military campaigns ⓘ
consequence	end of large-scale Meccan attempts to destroy Medina ⓘ shift of strategic initiative to Muslims ⓘ
date	627 CE ⓘ
dateHijri	5 AH ⓘ
divineAssistanceBelief	God sent wind and fear against the Confederates ⓘ
followedBy	events leading to the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah ⓘ
hasAlternativeName	Battle of the Ditch ⓘ linked to: Battle of the Trench Battle of the Trench ⓘ Ghazwat al-Ahzab ⓘ linked to: Ghazwat al‑Ahzab Ghazwat al-Khandaq ⓘ linked to: Ghazwat al‑Ahzab
hasArabicName	غزوة الخندق ⓘ
historicalPeriod	Prophetic era in Islam ⓘ
inspiredBy	Salman al-Farisi’s suggestion ⓘ
mentionedIn	Islamic sira literature ⓘ hadith collections ⓘ
militaryInnovation	use of trench warfare in Arabia ⓘ
namedAfter	defensive trench dug around Medina ⓘ
notableParticipant	Ali ibn Abi Talib ⓘ Salman al-Farisi ⓘ Sa‘d ibn Mu‘adh ⓘ
opposingCommander	Abu Sufyan ibn Harb ⓘ Amr ibn Abd Wudd ⓘ Khalid ibn al-Walid ⓘ
partOf	early Muslim–Meccan conflicts ⓘ
precedes	Treaty of Hudaybiyyah ⓘ
relatedEvent	Battle of Badr ⓘ Battle of Uhud ⓘ
religiousSignificance	pivotal event in early Islamic history ⓘ
result	decisive defensive victory for Muslims ⓘ failure of Meccan siege of Medina ⓘ
strategyType	defensive warfare ⓘ
tookPlaceIn	Arabian Peninsula ⓘ Hejaz ⓘ
tookPlaceNear	Medina ⓘ
typeOfSiege	coalition siege ⓘ
weatherCondition	strong winds and cold ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (3)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Battle of the Trench → hasAlias → Al‑Khandaq ⓘ

Battle of Khandaq → hasAlias → al-Khandaq ⓘ

linked to: Al‑Khandaq

Battle of the Confederates → alsoKnownAs → al‑Khandaq ⓘ