Freedom Rides

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The Freedom Rides were a series of nonviolent protests in 1961 in which interracial groups rode interstate buses into the segregated U.S. South to challenge and draw attention to the failure to enforce desegregation laws.

All labels observed (6)

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (68)

Predicate Object
instanceOf civil rights protest campaign
interracial protest movement
nonviolent direct action
appliesToJurisdiction interstate bus terminals
interstate bus travel
basedOnLegalDecision Boynton v. Virginia
Morgan v. Virginia
commemoratedBy Freedom Riders National Monument
coOrganizedBy SNCC
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
country United States
documentedIn newspaper coverage across the United States
facedOppositionFrom Ku Klux Klan members
linked to: Ku Klux Klan

local law enforcement in the U.S. South
segregationists
hasCharacteristic interracial participation
nonviolent discipline
student leadership
hasConsequence Interstate Commerce Commission enforcement order against segregation
federal intervention by the Kennedy administration
increased national media attention to civil rights
hasEndTime 1961
hasGenre civil rights campaign
hasLocation Alabama
Georgia
Louisiana
Mississippi
North Carolina
South Carolina
United States South
Virginia
Washington, D.C.
hasPurpose challenge segregation in interstate bus travel
draw national attention to segregation in the U.S. South
test enforcement of Supreme Court desegregation rulings
hasStartTime 1961-05-04
inspiredBy Gandhian nonviolence
Montgomery bus boycott
sit-in movement
language English
notableEvent bus burning in Anniston, Alabama
mass arrests in Jackson, Mississippi
mob attack in Birmingham, Alabama
numberOfParticipants hundreds of riders
opposedBy many Southern state officials
opposedPolicy segregated bus station facilities
segregated seating on interstate buses
organizedBy CORE
Congress of Racial Equality
participant Bernard Lafayette
Catherine Burks-Brooks
Charles Person
Diane Nash
James Farmer
James Peck
Jim Zwerg
Joan Trumpauer
John Lewis
John Seigenthaler
Stokely Carmichael
Walter Bergman
partOf American civil rights movement
resultedIn stricter federal rules banning segregation in interstate transportation
supportedBy national civil rights organizations
timePeriod 1960s
usesMethod civil disobedience
freedom riding
nonviolent resistance

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (52)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Ku Klux Klan targetedGroup Freedom Riders
linked to: Freedom Rides
Congress of Racial Equality keyEvent 1961 Freedom Rides
linked to: Freedom Rides
Congress of Racial Equality organized Freedom Rides
Jackson, Mississippi notableEvent Freedom Rides
John Lewis participantIn Freedom Rides
Diane Nash participantIn Freedom Rides
James Farmer organized Freedom Rides
Fred Shuttlesworth participatedIn Freedom Rides
James Bevel participantIn Freedom Rides
Congress of Racial Equality notableCampaign Freedom Rides
subject linked to: CORE
Congress of Racial Equality keyRoleIn Freedom Rides
subject linked to: CORE
Bernard Lafayette notableFor Freedom Rides
Bernard Lafayette participatedIn Freedom Rides
Mississippi Civil Rights Museum commemorates Freedom Riders
linked to: Freedom Rides
Charles Person participatedIn Freedom Rides
Charles Person notableWork Buses Are a Comin’: Memoir of a Freedom Rider
linked to: Freedom Rides
Jim Zwerg participatedIn Freedom Rides
Boynton v. Virginia relatedEvent Freedom Rides
Freedom Riders National Monument significantEvent 1961 Freedom Rides
linked to: Freedom Rides
Freedom Riders National Monument namedAfter Freedom Riders
linked to: Freedom Rides
Freedom Riders National Monument associatedWith Freedom Riders
linked to: Freedom Rides
Catherine Burks-Brooks participatedIn Freedom Rides
Catherine Burks-Brooks arrestedDuring Freedom Rides
Catherine Burks-Brooks partOf Freedom Riders
linked to: Freedom Rides
Nashville sit-ins influenced Freedom Rides
Walking with the Wind: A Memoir of the Movement describesEvent Freedom Rides
March (graphic novel trilogy) depicts Freedom Rides
subject linked to: graphic novel trilogy "March"
John Lewis participantIn Freedom Rides
subject linked to: John
Lay Bare the Heart describes Freedom Rides
Walter Bergman participatedIn Freedom Rides
Walter Bergman participatedIn 1961 Freedom Rides
linked to: Freedom Rides
Walter Bergman partOf Freedom Riders
linked to: Freedom Rides
James Peck participantIn Freedom Rides
James Peck participantIn Journey of Reconciliation
linked to: Freedom Rides
George Houser participatedIn Freedom Rides
Stanley Nelson Jr. notableWork Freedom Riders
linked to: Freedom Rides
Bruce Boynton inspired Freedom Rides
Boynton v. Virginia influenced Freedom Riders movement
linked to: Freedom Rides
Greyhound bus station site (Anniston, Alabama) partOf Freedom Rides
subject linked to: Greyhound bus station site
Greyhound bus station site (Anniston, Alabama) associatedWith Freedom Riders
subject linked to: Greyhound bus station site
linked to: Freedom Rides
Burks-Brooks associatedWith Freedom Riders
linked to: Freedom Rides