deposition of Sultan Abdulhamid II

Target entity: deposition of Sultan Abdulhamid II
Context triple: [Young Turk Revolution, followedBy, deposition of Sultan Abdulhamid II]

• A. Tanzimat
  Tanzimat was a series of 19th-century Ottoman modernization reforms aimed at centralizing authority and restructuring the empire’s legal, administrative, and social systems along European lines.
• B. Hatt-ı Şerif of Gülhane
  The Hatt-ı Şerif of Gülhane was an 1839 imperial edict of the Ottoman Empire that launched the Tanzimat reform era by promising legal, administrative, and fiscal modernization and greater rights for subjects.
• C. Mahmud II
  Mahmud II was an Ottoman sultan (r. 1808–1839) known for his extensive military and administrative reforms that modernized the empire and curtailed the power of the Janissaries.
• D. Sultan Abdülmecid I
  Sultan Abdülmecid I was the 19th-century Ottoman sultan known for initiating major Tanzimat reforms to modernize the empire and for aligning with Britain and France during the Crimean War.
• E. Ottoman Parliament
  The Ottoman Parliament was the representative legislative body of the late Ottoman Empire, periodically convened from the late 19th to early 20th century as part of the empire’s constitutional reforms.
• F. None of above. chosen
• G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Target entity: deposition of Sultan Abdulhamid II
Target entity description: The deposition of Sultan Abdulhamid II was the 1909 removal of the long-reigning Ottoman sultan from power, marking a decisive shift toward constitutional rule under the Young Turks.

• A. Tanzimat
  Tanzimat was a series of 19th-century Ottoman modernization reforms aimed at centralizing authority and restructuring the empire’s legal, administrative, and social systems along European lines.
• B. Hatt-ı Şerif of Gülhane
  The Hatt-ı Şerif of Gülhane was an 1839 imperial edict of the Ottoman Empire that launched the Tanzimat reform era by promising legal, administrative, and fiscal modernization and greater rights for subjects.
• C. Mahmud II
  Mahmud II was an Ottoman sultan (r. 1808–1839) known for his extensive military and administrative reforms that modernized the empire and curtailed the power of the Janissaries.
• D. Sultan Abdülmecid I
  Sultan Abdülmecid I was the 19th-century Ottoman sultan known for initiating major Tanzimat reforms to modernize the empire and for aligning with Britain and France during the Crimean War.
• E. Ottoman Parliament
  The Ottoman Parliament was the representative legislative body of the late Ottoman Empire, periodically convened from the late 19th to early 20th century as part of the empire’s constitutional reforms.
• F. None of above. chosen