Article 12 EEC Treaty
E1022577
Article 12 EEC Treaty is a foundational provision of the original European Economic Community Treaty that prohibits member states from introducing new customs duties or increasing existing ones in trade between them, and was famously recognized as having direct effect in EU law.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Article 12 EEC Treaty canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T13133686 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Article 12 EEC Treaty Context triple: [Van Gend en Loos, articleInterpreted, Article 12 EEC Treaty]
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A.
Article 82 EC Treaty
Article 82 EC Treaty is a core provision of European Union competition law that prohibits the abuse of a dominant market position by undertakings within the internal market.
-
B.
Article 152 of the EC Treaty
Article 152 of the EC Treaty is a provision of European Union primary law that establishes the EU’s role and powers in protecting public health and setting high health standards across member states.
-
C.
Article 90 of the Treaty establishing the European Community
Article 90 of the Treaty establishing the European Community was a provision governing the treatment and regulation of public undertakings and undertakings with special or exclusive rights within the EU internal market, particularly in relation to competition rules.
-
D.
Article 81 EC Treaty
Article 81 EC Treaty was a core provision of European Union competition law that prohibited anti-competitive agreements and concerted practices between undertakings affecting trade between Member States.
-
E.
Article 95 of the EC Treaty
Article 95 of the EC Treaty was a key internal market provision empowering the European Community to adopt harmonizing legislation to remove obstacles to trade and distortions of competition within the EU.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Article 12 EEC Treaty Target entity description: Article 12 EEC Treaty is a foundational provision of the original European Economic Community Treaty that prohibits member states from introducing new customs duties or increasing existing ones in trade between them, and was famously recognized as having direct effect in EU law.
-
A.
Article 82 EC Treaty
Article 82 EC Treaty is a core provision of European Union competition law that prohibits the abuse of a dominant market position by undertakings within the internal market.
-
B.
Article 152 of the EC Treaty
Article 152 of the EC Treaty is a provision of European Union primary law that establishes the EU’s role and powers in protecting public health and setting high health standards across member states.
-
C.
Article 90 of the Treaty establishing the European Community
Article 90 of the Treaty establishing the European Community was a provision governing the treatment and regulation of public undertakings and undertakings with special or exclusive rights within the EU internal market, particularly in relation to competition rules.
-
D.
Article 81 EC Treaty
Article 81 EC Treaty was a core provision of European Union competition law that prohibited anti-competitive agreements and concerted practices between undertakings affecting trade between Member States.
-
E.
Article 95 of the EC Treaty
Article 95 of the EC Treaty was a key internal market provision empowering the European Community to adopt harmonizing legislation to remove obstacles to trade and distortions of competition within the EU.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Provision of primary EU law
ⓘ
Treaty provision ⓘ |
| aimsAt |
Elimination of customs barriers within the common market
ⓘ
Facilitation of free movement of goods ⓘ |
| appliesIn | Intra-Community trade ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
Member States of the European Economic Community
ⓘ
linked to:
Member States of the European Union
Trade between Member States ⓘ |
| basisFor | Doctrine of direct effect in EU law ⓘ |
| bindingOn | All EEC Member States ⓘ |
| category | Prohibition of fiscal barriers ⓘ |
| directEffectRecognizedIn |
Van Gend en Loos judgment
ⓘ
linked to:
Van Gend en Loos
|
| doesNotRequire | Prior implementation by national legislation ⓘ |
| enforceableBy | Individuals before national courts ⓘ |
| enteredIntoForceWith |
Treaty of Rome 1957
ⓘ
linked to:
Treaty of Rome
|
| famousCase |
Case 26/62 Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen
ⓘ
linked to:
Van Gend en Loos
|
| hasCharacteristic |
Clear and unconditional obligation
ⓘ
Not dependent on further implementing measures ⓘ |
| hasDirectEffectSince | 1963 ⓘ |
| hierarchicalLevel | Primary law ⓘ |
| interpretedBy |
Court of Justice of the European Union
ⓘ
European Court of Justice ⓘ
linked to:
Court of Justice of the European Union
|
| language | Originally drafted in multiple official EEC languages ⓘ |
| legalDoctrineSupported | Supremacy of Community law over conflicting national law ⓘ |
| legalEffect | Invalidates conflicting national customs measures ⓘ |
| legalNature | Negative obligation on Member States ⓘ |
| legalStatus | Historical provision superseded by later Treaty renumbering ⓘ |
| legalSystem |
European Union law
ⓘ
linked to:
European Union legal order
|
| objective |
Ensure uniform customs regime within the Community
ⓘ
Prevent protectionism through customs duties between Member States ⓘ |
| partOf |
EEC Treaty
ⓘ
linked to:
Treaty of Rome
Treaty establishing the European Economic Community ⓘ
linked to:
Treaty of Rome
|
| prohibits |
Increase of existing charges having equivalent effect between Member States
ⓘ
Increase of existing customs duties between Member States ⓘ Introduction of new charges having equivalent effect between Member States ⓘ Introduction of new customs duties between Member States ⓘ |
| recognizedAs | Directly effective provision of EU law ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
Charges having equivalent effect to customs duties
ⓘ
Common customs tariff ⓘ
linked to:
Common Customs Tariff
|
| relatedTo |
Customs union of the European Economic Community
ⓘ
linked to:
European Union customs union
Free movement of goods in the EEC ⓘ |
| replacedBy | Article 30 EC Treaty ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
Charges having equivalent effect to customs duties
ⓘ
Customs duties ⓘ |
| successorProvision | Article 30 EC Treaty ⓘ |
| temporalEffect | Applies from entry into force of the EEC Treaty ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Article 12 EEC Treaty Description of subject: Article 12 EEC Treaty is a foundational provision of the original European Economic Community Treaty that prohibits member states from introducing new customs duties or increasing existing ones in trade between them, and was famously recognized as having direct effect in EU law.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.